What is the cause of gestational trophoblastic disease?

What is the cause of gestational trophoblastic disease?

Causes of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease The most common types of gestational trophoblastic disease occur when a sperm cell fertilizes an empty egg cell or when two sperm cells fertilize a normal egg cell. Your risk is higher based on your: Age: Gestational trophoblastic disease occurs in women of childbearing age.

What are the symptoms of gestational trophoblastic disease?

Abnormal vaginal bleeding during or after pregnancy. A uterus that is larger than expected at a given point in the pregnancy. Severe nausea or vomiting during pregnancy. High blood pressure at an early point in the pregnancy, which may include headaches and/or swelling of the feet and hands.

What is gestational trophoblast disease?

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of rare diseases in which abnormal trophoblast cells grow inside the uterus after conception. In gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), a tumor develops inside the uterus from tissue that forms after conception (the joining of sperm and egg).

Which marker is most useful for detection of gestational trophoblastic disease?

The β-hCG level is used to diagnose gestational trophoblastic disease, a rare neoplastic complication of pregnancy.

Can GTD come back?

The risk of GTD coming back is highest in the first few months. You will need to wait a year after finishing your treatment before you try and get pregnant again, if you have chemotherapy . It’s important to know that having a GTD does not increase your risk of having a baby with abnormalities.

Is GTD curable?

GTD is typically curable, especially when found early. The main treatments for GTD are surgery and/or chemotherapy. Descriptions of the common types of treatments used for GTD are listed below. Your care plan may include treatment for symptoms and side effects, an important part of medical care.

Is trophoblastic disease curable?

Persistent trophoblastic disease can spread to other parts of the body like a cancer but it has a cure rate of nearly 100%. The treatment for persistent trophoblastic disease is usually chemotherapy.

What happens if you have gestational trophoblastic disease?

In GTD, there are abnormal changes in the trophoblast cells that cause tumors to develop. Most GTD tumors are benign (noncancerous), but some have the potential to turn malignant (cancerous).

What is Stage 3 gestational trophoblastic disease?

FIGO anatomic staging Stage I: Disease is only in the uterus. Stage II: GTD extends outside the uterus but is limited to the genital structures. Stage III: GTD extends to the lungs and may or may not involve the genital tract. Stage IV: GTD has extended to other distant sites.

Can HPV cause molar pregnancy?

As HPV can cause a variety of problems ranging from benign condyloma to more serios neoplasia, we assume this oncogenic behavior may be linked to the genetic imbalance in the etiology of molar pregnancy. In our study we were able to collect 30 patients diagnosed to have H.

What do you need to know about gestational trophoblastic disease?

1 Gestational trophoblastic disease is the name given to a group of tumors that form during abnormal pregnancies. 2 GTD is rare, affecting about one in every 1,000 pregnant women in the U.S. 3 While some GTD tumors are malignant (cancerous) or have the potential to turn cancerous, the majority are benign (noncancerous).

When is a placental site trophoblastic tumor discovered?

Placental-site trophoblastic tumors are often not discovered until years after a full-term pregnancy. Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: This extremely rare tumor’s progression mimics that of a placental-site trophoblastic tumor.

What kind of tumor is a trophoblast tumor?

Invasive mole: Trophoblast cells form an abnormal mass that grows into the muscle layer of the uterus. Placental-site trophoblastic tumor: This extremely rare, slow-growing tumor develops where the placenta attaches to the uterine wall. Placental-site trophoblastic tumors are often not discovered until years after a full-term pregnancy.

How are the trophoblast cells affected in GTD?

The trophoblast helps the embryo implant itself to the uterine wall. These cells also form a large part of the tissue that make up the placenta — the organ that supplies nutrients to a developing fetus. In GTD, there are abnormal changes in the trophoblast cells that cause tumors to develop.