Do you translate 5 to 3?
During translation, which is the second major step in gene expression, the mRNA is “read” according to the genetic code, which relates the DNA sequence to the amino acid sequence in proteins (Figure 2). Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. The codons are written 5′ to 3′, as they appear in the mRNA.
Do you translate mRNA 5 to 3?
During transcription, the RNA polymerase read the template DNA strand in the 3′→5′ direction, but the mRNA is formed in the 5′ to 3′ direction. The mRNA is single-stranded and therefore only contains three possible reading frames, of which only one is translated.
Are DNA strands read from 5 to 3?
DNA is always synthesized in the 5′-to-3′ direction, meaning that nucleotides are added only to the 3′ end of the growing strand.
Why are there 3 codons?
The three-letter nature of codons means that the four nucleotides found in mRNA — A, U, G, and C — can produce a total of 64 different combinations. Of these 64 codons, 61 represent amino acids, and the remaining three represent stop signals, which trigger the end of protein synthesis.
What does the 5 and 3 mean in DNA?
Each end of DNA molecule has a number. One end is referred to as 5′ (five prime) and the other end is referred to as 3′ (three prime). The 5′ and 3′ designations refer to the number of carbon atom in a deoxyribose sugar molecule to which a phosphate group bonds.
What are the steps in transcription and translation?
Eukaryotic cells modify mRNA by RNA splicing, 5′ end capping, and addition of a polyA tail. The two main steps in gene expression are transcription and translation. Transcription is the name given to the process in which DNA is copied to make a complementary strand of RNA. RNA then undergoes translation to make proteins.
Which is the best description of DNA transcription?
3.5.2 Outline DNA transcription in terms of the formation of an RNA strand complementary to the DNA strand by RNA polymerase. DNA transcription is the formation of an RNA strand which is complementary to the DNA strand.
Which is replaced by thymine in DNA transcription?
However DNA also contains thymine which is replaced by uracil in RNA. 3.5.2 Outline DNA transcription in terms of the formation of an RNA strand complementary to the DNA strand by RNA polymerase. DNA transcription is the formation of an RNA strand which is complementary to the DNA strand.
Where does transcription take place in a prokaryotic cell?
Translation of the mRNA into proteins also occurs in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the cell’s nucleus. mRNA then moves to the cytoplasm for translation. DNA in prokaryotes is much more accessible to RNA polymerase than DNA in eukaryotes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_f-8ISZ164