What is case marking in linguistics?
(1) A case marker is a formal device associated with a noun phrase that signals the grammatical role of that noun phrase. The term “noun phrase” refers both to constituents overtly labeled as such in constituency grammars and to unlabeled units consisting of noun heads and their dependents in dependency grammars.
How is case marked in English?
English only marks case on pronouns and distinguishes between subject and object case, as well as genitive. Many other languages have more cases than just these and many mark them on full nouns. Case and Tense: Object case is associated with the main verb.
What is a case marking system?
Case-marking systems are categorized by how the subject of a verb without an object (an intransitive verb) is marked, how the subject of a verb with an object (a transitive verb) is marked, and how the object of a transitive verb is marked.
What is case give example?
The definition of a case is a holder for something or an instance of something happening. An example of a case is a piece of luggage. An example of a case is a medical condition such as a case of chickenpox. An example of a case are the facts in a legal action. noun.
What is nominative case with examples?
The nominative case is a grammatical case for nouns and pronouns. The case is used when a noun or a pronoun is used as the subject of a verb. Nominative Case Examples: Sharon ate pie.
What is case syntax?
Definition: Case is a grammatical category determined by the syntactic or semantic function of a noun or pronoun. The term case has traditionally been restricted to apply to only those languages which indicate certain functions by the inflection of: nouns.
What are the 4 cases in English?
Commonly encountered cases include nominative, accusative, dative and genitive.
What are case endings?
case ending (plural case endings) (grammar, in nouns and adjectives that inflect to mark grammatical case) A suffix-like element which indicates a word’s grammatical case, number, and gender. In the Latin noun domine, the -e case ending marks it as a masculine, singular, second-declension noun in the vocative case.
What is sentence case format?
Sentence case, also known as down style or reference style, is a capitalization style. When you use sentence case, you capitalize just the first letter of the first word in the title. The rest of the words and letters in the title should not be capitalized, unless they’re proper nouns.
What is accusative case example?
The accusative case is used for nouns that are the recipients of the action the subject completes. To find the direct object in the accusative case, ask “What?” after the verb. Examples: We read a book.
What is objective case with example?
In English, the objective case only affects personal pronouns (e.g., “I,” “he,” “she,” “we,” “they”). For example, “he” becomes “him,” and “they” becomes “them.”
What is the meaning of exceptional case marking?
Exceptional case-marking. Exceptional case-marking ( ECM ), in linguistics, is a phenomenon in which the subject of an embedded infinitival verb seems to appear in a superordinate clause and, if it is a pronoun, is unexpectedly marked with object case morphology ( him not he, her not she, etc.).
Which is the family of exceptional case marking verbs?
Exceptional Case Marking Verbs Tree family: TXnx0Vs1 Exceptional Case Marking verbs are those which assign accusative case to the subject of the sentential complement. This is in contrast to verbs in the Tnx0Vnx1s2 family (section 6.7), which assign accusative case to an NP which is not part of the sentential complement.
Can a language not mark case on a noun?
It is possible for a language not to mark case on noun phrases at all – in those languages you might view all three NPs as being marked the same way. 1. Nominative-Accusative The subjects of transitive and intransitive verbs are marked one way; the object of a transitive verb is marked another.
How does an ECM verb assign a case?
The ECM verb has =ecmand =accon its foot. The former allows the features of the ECM verb and the totree to unify, and so be used together, and the latter assigns the accusative case to the lower subject. Figure 8.5shows the declarative tree for the TXnx0Vs1 family, in this case anchored by expects.