What are the cardinal directions of gaze?

What are the cardinal directions of gaze?

You are now familiar with the 6 cardinal directions of gaze (right/up; right; right/down; left/up; left; left/down), as well as the remainder of the yoked eye movements (straight up; straight down; convergence).

What does the six cardinal fields of gaze test for?

The corneal light reflex, cover/uncover test, and six cardinal fields of gaze are used to assess extraocular muscle function. The corneal light reflex may be used to assess extraocular muscle imbalance. The cover/uncover test is used to determine misalignment of the eye.

What cranial nerve is Cardinal gaze?

Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI—Oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens. Test extraocular movements in the six cardinal directions of gaze, and look for loss of conjugate movements in any direction.

What is the cardinal position?

The four cardinal directions, or cardinal points, are the four main compass directions: north, east, south, and west, commonly denoted by their initials N, E, S, and W respectively. North-North east(NNE) East-North East(ENE) East-south East(ESE) south-South East(SSE)

What is EOM in eye exam?

EOM; Extraocular movement; Ocular motility examination. Extraocular muscle function testing examines the function of the eye muscles. A health care provider observes the movement of the eyes in eight specific directions.

How do you test Cardinal fields?

To assess the six cardinal fields of gaze: use a penlight or some type of object a patient can track with their eyes.

1. Position the penlight 12-14 inches from the patient’s face.
2. Then have the patient follow your penlight in the following directions (always start in the midline) right upper to left lower.

How many cardinal fields of gaze exist?

What is the purpose of assessing the six cardinal fields of gaze? It helps to determine how well the six extraocular eye muscles are working along with cranial nerves III, IV, VI.

Why is it called cardinal directions?

Cardinal directions are the main points of the compass and are considered to be the most commonly used form of direction. The term “cardinal” was derived from the Latin word Cardinalis which means “essential,” “chief,” or “principal.” North, south, east and west are the four main cardinal directions or cardinal points.

What to look for in six cardinal fields of gaze?

The eye muscles that the six cardinal fields of gaze will check include the following: During the assessment, we’ll ask the patient to move the eyes in the upper right, lower left, left upper, right lower, and then left to right positions. We’re looking for a smooth motion in the eyes as they change direction, which indicates normal movement.

What are the cardinal positions of the eye?

Cardinal Positions of Gaze. Superior rectus (SR): Primarily moves the eye in the upward direction. Secondarily rotates the top portion of the eye toward the nose and the tertiary job is to move the eye inward. Inferior oblique (IO): Primarily rotates the top portion of the eye away from the nose.

How does the eye work to make gaze direction?

The works of eyes in making gaze direction is helped by the presence of these cardinal fields. In total there were six extraocular muscles and cranial nerves III, IV, and VI that work on the process. The position that is being the eyes direction are:

Is it normal to have nystagmus in lateral gaze?

This is the result of how the patients’ eyes perform on the eye test movement and how the muscle of the eye works to make the directions. There might be a case where an occasional mild nystagmus or jerking appeared in the test of eyes coordination movement. This finding is normal in extreme lateral gaze.