What are the known unknowns and the unknown unknowns of the project?
Known-unknowns: These are classic risks or risks what you as a project manager or risk manager most likely see. These are also called as “known risks” – known risks but with an unknown amount of rework. Unknown-unknowns: These are “unknown risks” – the unknown risks with unknown or unforeseen work.
What is an unknown unknown risk?
Unknown unknowns are the most dangerous types of risks. These are risks which the company doesn’t even know that they don’t know. The danger here is that since the organization is unaware of the existence of the risk, it cannot manage the risk, which can result in disaster.
What is the meaning of known unknown?
A known unknown is information whose existence someone is aware of but does not possess. A known known is solid information, in your possession and you understand its relevance to you. An unknown known is information that is in your possession but whose value has not been identified.
What is Donald Rumsfeld famous for?
Donald Henry Rumsfeld (July 9, 1932 – June 29, 2021) was an American politician, government official and businessman who served as Secretary of Defense from 1975 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford, and again from 2001 to 2006 under President George W. Bush. He was both the youngest and the oldest secretary of defense.
What is unknown example?
The definition of an unknown is a person or thing that you are not familiar with, or a variable in a math problem for which you are trying to solve. An actor no one has ever heard of who is trying to get into the movie business is an example of an unknown. In the equation “x+2 = 4,” x is an example of an unknown.
What is the difference between a known and unknown world?
Known unknowns — things that we know (i.e. are aware of) that we don’t know — they imply a risk, but since we know them we can measure the risk, understand it and investigate more to make this a known known. Unknown unknown — things we don’t know (i.e are not aware of) that we don’t know.
Who first said unknown unknowns?
The idea of unknown unknowns was created in 1955 by two American psychologists, Joseph Luft (1916–2014) and Harrington Ingham (1916–1995) in their development of the Johari window. They used it as a technique to help people better understand their relationship with themselves as well as others.
What is known Cannot be unknown?
“For once a thing is known, it can never be unknown. It can only be forgotten.”
What did Donald Rumsfield say about unknown unknowns?
We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns — the ones we don’t know we don’t know.” “If I said yes, that would then suggest that that might be the only place where it might be done which would not be accurate, necessarily accurate.
Are there Known Knowns and unknown unknowns in the world?
There are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns – the ones we don’t know we don’t know. Donald Rumsfeld during Department of Defense News Briefing, archive.defense.gov. February 12, 2002.
What did Rumsfield say about freedom in Iraq?
“Freedom’s untidy, and free people are free to make mistakes and commit crimes and do bad things.” –on looting in Iraq after the U.S. invasion, adding “stuff happens”