Where would a ruptured coronary artery bleed into?
Coronary artery rupture may lead to acute coronary syndrome, acute bleeding into the pericardium and cardiac tamponade, pseudoaneurysm, ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden death.
What is coronary perforation?
Coronary perforation is a rare PCI complication leading to pericardial effusion with or without tamponade and if left undiagnosed or untreated it is life-threatening. We present two different types of coronary interventions, but both ending with coronary perforation.
What is the mortality rate of SCAD?
Initial reviews of SCAD reported a mortality rate of 70% (11). More recently, the outcome of SCAD has been reported to be more favourable (6,12), with one review suggesting a survival rate of 82% (8). Our patient’s outcome has been remarkably good.
Can you live a normal life after SCAD?
Subsequent dissections are more likely to occur within the first few months of the first event, with the risk reducing as time goes by. The good news is that the large majority of people who have experienced SCAD go on to live healthy lives without further problems.
What causes a dissected artery?
Arterial dissections happen when the inside wall of your artery tears. Blood gets in the tear and separates the layers of the artery wall. This dissection creates a weak spot that can lead to a life-threatening leak. An aortic dissection is when you get a tear in the wall of your aorta.
What is an artery dissection?
Arterial dissection refers to the abnormal, and usually abrupt, formation of a tear along the inside wall of an artery.
What is coronary artery Dissection?
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection — sometimes referred to as SCAD — is an uncommon emergency condition that occurs when a tear forms in a blood vessel in the heart. SCAD can slow or block blood flow to the heart, causing a heart attack, abnormalities in heart rhythm or sudden death.
What is a perforated artery?
Introduction. Coronary artery perforation (CAP) is, fortunately, a rare but serious life-threatening complication of a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which in severe cases lead to cardiac tamponade, cardiogenic shock, myocardial infarction, and even death, if there is no intervention.
What triggers SCAD?
Pregnancy or giving birth, suggesting SCAD is linked to changes in hormones or blood volume that occur during pregnancy. One-third of all cases of SCAD occur during pregnancy or soon after giving birth. Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), a disease that causes abnormal cell development in the artery wall. Extreme exercise.
Is SCAD hereditary?
“We know from previous research that SCAD occurs most often in younger women with no or minimal cardiovascular risk factors, like high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Recognizing now that it is a heritable disorder has implications for at-risk family members, and helps us understand the condition better.”
How long does it take for a torn artery to heal?
Healing usually takes 3-6 months, and the incidence of contralateral dissection is higher in these patients than in the general population. When the condition is diagnosed early, the prognosis is usually good.
How do you treat an artery dissection?
Treatment. Treatment is usually with blood thinners such as warfarin or low molecular weight heparin for 3 to 6 months followed by aspirin therapy.