What are the cutaneous mycoses?
These are superficial fungal infections of the skin, hair or nails. No living tissue is invaded, however a variety of pathological changes occur in the host because of the presence of the infectious agent and its metabolic products.
What are the 4 classifications of fungal infections?
Concepts of classification When classified according to the site of infection, fungal infections are designated as superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, and deep (Fig. 75-1).
What are the 5 virulence factors of the pathogenesis of the fungi?
Virulence factors that promote fungal colonization of the host include the ability to:
- adhere to host cells and resist physical removal;
- invade host cells;
- compete for nutrients;
- resist innate immune defenses such as phagocytosis and complement; and.
- evade adaptive immune defenses.
What are the 3 genera in cutaneous mycoses?
There are three genera of dermatophytes, all of which can cause cutaneous mycoses: Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum.
How do superficial mycoses differ from cutaneous mycoses?
Superficial and cutaneous mycoses are both caused by fungi that affect the superficial layers of skin, hair, and nails. The main difference between them is that superficial mycoses cause little or no inflammation, whereas cutaneous mycoses generally trigger an inflammatory response that causes skin redness and itching.
How are cutaneous mycoses transmitted?
Zoophilic species are primarily parasitic on animals and infections may be transmitted to humans following contact with the animal host (Table 1). Zoophilic infections usually elicit a strong host response and on the skin where contact with the infective animal has occurred ie arms, legs, body or face.
What is subcutaneous mycosis?
These are chronic, localized infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue following the traumatic implantation of the aetiologic agent. The causative fungi are all soil saprophytes of regional epidemiology whose ability to adapt to the tissue environment and elicit disease is extremely variable.
What is an example of subcutaneous mycoses?
Three common subcutaneous mycoses are those causing sporotrichosis, chromomycosis, and mycetoma. All represent disease caused by saprophytic (soil-growing) fungi that enter tissue, usually through trauma.
What pathogenesis means?
Pathogenesis: The development of a disease and the chain of events leading to that disease.
What are the three genera of dermatophytes?
There are three genera of dermatophytes, Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton.
What’s the meaning of dermatophytes?
: a fungus parasitic on the skin or skin derivatives (such as hair or nails)
What is the histopathology of cutaneous mucormycosis?
Histopathology of mucormycosis: note the aseptate, irregular, ribbon-like hyphae, with wide angle branching. Cutaneous mucormycosis can be mistaken for other invasive fungal infections, such as aspergillosis, fusariosis, and infection with scedosporium.
What is the medical term for cutaneous mycosis?
cutaneous mycosis. [kyü¦tān·ē·əs mī′kō·səs] (medicine) Any of a group of infections (collectively known as dermatophytoses, ringworms, or tineas) that are caused by keratinophilic fungi (dermatophytes).
What are the symptoms of gastrointestinal mucormycosis?
Symptoms of gastrointestinal mucormycosis include: 1 Abdominal pain 2 Nausea and vomiting 3 Gastrointestinal bleeding More
Can a untreated mucomycosis spread to the skin?
Hematogenous spread of mucomycosis to the skin is rarely encountered; however, untreated skin infection may cause deeper infection and can eventually lead to hematogenous infection. Figure 4. Figure 4 (left panel) shows an immunocompromised host with rhinocerebral mucormycosis and secondary ecchymotic skin lesions.