What is the meaning of a xenotransplantation?
Xenotransplantation is any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation or infusion into a human recipient of either (a) live cells, tissues, or organs from a nonhuman animal source, or (b) human body fluids, cells, tissues or organs that have had ex vivo contact with live nonhuman animal cells, tissues or …
What is a xenotransplantation used for?
Xenotransplantation, or the transplantation of living tissues or organs from one species to another, alleviates the shortage of human organs such as heart and kidney. Pigs have a similar physiology and organ size, making porcine (pig) organs ideal candidates for transplantation into human recipients.
What is xenotransplantation research?
Xenotransplantation, more commonly defined as the transplantation of organs, tissues or cells from one species to another, has previously been proposed as a possible solution to the world-wide shortage of human organs for patients in terminal organ failure.
What is an example of xenotransplantation?
Xenotransplantation products must be alive, and circulation and return of patients’ blood must occur through live nonhuman cells. For example, human skin cells grown outside the body on a layer of nonhuman cells and then used in humans for skin reconstruction can also be considered a xenotransplantation product.
What is the history of xenotransplantation?
Xenotransplantation, the transplantation of animal organs into humans, has long been appealing as a possible solution for organ shortage. The idea behind xenotransplantation dates back to 1667, when the French doctor Jean-Baptiste Denys tapped the veins of farm animals to perform human blood transfusions [2].
Why is xenotransplantation an ethical issue?
Reprinted with permission. Ethical issues concerning xenotransplantation include animal rights, allocation of resources, and distributive justice. In addition to obtaining consent for xenotransplants from individual patients, consent is also necessary from the populace, given the public health risks.
When should xenotransplantation be used?
While still in the experimental stages, xenotransplantation is a potentially life-saving option for people with such ailments as severe heart disease and kidney failure. Preliminary data from experiments using transplanted pig cells in patients with diabetes and Parkinson’s disease are encouraging.
What is xenotransplantation PDF?
Xenotransplantation is defined as “any procedure that involves the direct transplantation, implantation, or infusion into a human recipient of live cells, tissues, or organs from a non- human animal source; or indirect exposure, where human body fluids, cells, tissues, or organs.
What are the types of xenotransplantation?
There are four different categories of xenotransplantation procedures which include; 1) Solid-organ xenotransplantation; where the source animal organ such as kidney or liver is completely transplanted into a human, 2) cellular and tissue xenotransplantation; where the transplantation of tissues and cells to the …
What are the advantages of xenotransplantation?
What are the potential benefits of xenotransplantation? Xenotransplantation could potentially provide an unlimited supply of cells, tissues, and organs for humans. Any disease that is treated by human-to-human transplantation could potentially be treated by xenotransplantation.
What are the moral concerns of xenotransplantation?
Ethical issues concerning xenotransplantation include animal rights, allocation of resources, and distributive justice. In addition to obtaining consent for xenotransplants from individual patients, consent is also necessary from the populace, given the public health risks.
What does xenotransplantation mean in medical terms?
Xenotransplantation is any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation or infusion into a human recipient of either (a) live cells, tissues, or organs from a nonhuman animal source, or (b) human body fluids, cells, tissues or organs that have had ex vivo contact with live nonhuman animal cells, tissues or organs.
Are there any health concerns with xenotransplantation?
Although the potential benefits are considerable, the use of xenotransplantation raises concerns regarding the potential infection of recipients with both recognized and unrecognized infectious agents and the possible subsequent transmission to their close contacts and into the general human population.
What was the report of the xenotransplantation Advisory Committee?
Report of the Xenotransplantation Advisory Committee of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: the present status of xenotransplantation and its potential role in the treatment of end-stage cardiac and pulmonary diseases. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2000;19:1125–1165.
Which is the best donor species for xenotransplantation?
Pigs are a promising donor species for xenotransplantation. However, when pig organs are transplanted into primates, hyperacute rejection, acute humoral xenograft rejection, acute cellular xenograft rejection, and chronic xenograft rejection develop. In addition, thrombotic microangiopathy with coagulation dysregulation occurs in xenografts.