What are pathogen effectors?
Definition. Effectors are proteins expressed by plant pathogens to aid infection of specific plant species. These molecules can alter plant processes and are central to understanding the complicated interplay between plants and their pathogens.
What are fungal effectors?
Effectors either promote the virulence of fungal pathogens or allow symbionts to colonize a plant. Such effectors can be attached to the fungal cell wall, can reside in the apoplast, or can be transferred to plant cells, where they can function in various compartments.
What are Necrotrophic pathogens?
Necrotrophic pathogens are bacterial, fungal and oomycete species that have very destructive pathogenesis strategies resulting in extensive necrosis, tissue maceration, and plant rots.
What are examples of effectors?
Effectors are parts of the body – such as muscles and glands – that produce a response to a detected stimulus. For example: muscle squeezing saliva from the salivary gland. a gland releasing a hormone into the blood.
What are effectors and receptors?
The key difference between receptor and effector is that receptor is a cell or a group of cells in a sense organ that receives a particular stimulus while an effector is an organ that produces a response to the stimulus. Receptors receive stimuli and convert them into nerve impulses.
What is Necrotrophic?
noun. a parasitic organism that kills the living cells of its host and then feeds on the dead matter.
What are Necrotrophs and Biotrophs?
Biotrophs are pathogens that derive nutrients from living host tissues, and necro-trophs are pathogens that derive nutrients from dead or dying cells (4). Some pathogens can be clearly assigned as biotrophs or necrotrophs.
Is insulin an effector?
Insulin affects all three effector organs….
| Effector | Action To Raise Temp | Action To Lower Temp |
|---|---|---|
| Sweat glands | None | Produce sweat; evaporation increases heat loss |
What are the two effectors?
The effectors. Are the organs that perform the responses of the Nervous System. There are two types of effectors, the muscles (also called “motor effectors”) and exocrine glands (also called “secretory efectors”).