What abnormal conditions alter the appearance of the optic disc?
Optic disc abnormalities may be associated with other congenital disorders of the eye and often central nervous system malformations. Secondary they may be associated retinal detachment, retinochisis, macular edema, choroid neovascularisation and lipid exudation.
Does the optic disc have blood vessels?
The optic disc is also the entry point for the major blood vessels that supply the retina. The optic disc in a normal human eye carries 1–1.2 million afferent nerve fibers from the eye towards the brain….
| Optic disc | |
|---|---|
| TA98 | A15.2.04.019 |
| TA2 | 6788 |
| FMA | 58634 |
| Anatomical terminology |
What are the abnormal findings in the retinal vessels?
Observable changes in retinal vascular architecture, such as increased retinal vein caliber (decreased artery-to-vein ratio), retinal vascular tortuosity, increased prominence of the retinal arterial reflex, venous nicking, “copper” or “silver wire” appearance as well as the discovery of cholesterol, calcium or …
What is a suspicious optic disc?
A suspicious optic disc is one with a high degree of optic disc cupping. Generally if the cup-to-disc ratio is more than 0.5 – i.e., the vertical dimensions of the cup are more than half the total top-to-bottom distance of the disc – then there may be some degree of pathological cupping.
What causes abnormal optic nerve?
Causes include infections and immune-related illnesses such as multiple sclerosis. Sometimes the cause is unknown. Optic nerve atrophy is damage to the optic nerve. Causes include poor blood flow to the eye, disease, trauma, or exposure to toxic substances.
What is Foster Kennedy syndrome?
Foster-Kennedy Syndrome is characterized by unilateral visual loss with a compressive optic atrophy in one eye and contralateral papilledema caused by increased intracranial pressure. The same ophthalmoscopic features however can be seen in the pseudo-Foster-Kennedy Syndrome.
Is optic disc same as optic nerve?
Optic disc: The circular area in the back of the inside of the eye where the optic nerve connects to the retina. Also called the optic nerve head.
What blood vessels supply the optic nerve?
The prelaminar (i.e., inside the eye relative to the lamina cribosa) optic nerve is supplied by collaterals from the choroid and retina circulations. The laminar zone is supplied by branches from the short posterior ciliary and pial arteries. The post laminar zone is supplied by the pial arteries.
What do retinal abnormalities include?
The abnormalities include lattice degeneration, retinal holes and retinal tears. These conditions put patients at risk for a retinal detachment which can results in severe vision loss. The abnormalities can be detected during a dilated retinal examination and many can be followed through observation.
What causes squiggly blood vessels in the eye?
The blood vessels that nourish the eye are delicate and thin. Changes where they become more ‘wiggly’ or tortuous can be a sign of raised blood pressure.”
Does optic nerve cupping always mean glaucoma?
Both people with and without optic nerve damage have optic nerve cupping, although those with glaucoma tend to have a greater cup-to-disc ratio. A cup to disc ratio greater than six-tenths is generally considered to be suspicious for glaucoma.
How to tell if you have an optic disc anomalies?
A white glial “tuft” may be seen, which may help to distinguish this from one of the other optic nerve anomalies. Serous retinal detachments are associated with this anomaly (30%), and there can also be subretinal neovascularization within the area of pigmentary disturbance surrounding the disc.
What causes abnormal vessels in the right eye?
Upon further questioning, the patient reported a history of a retinal hemorrhage in the right eye. Based on the additional information, the clinical characteristic and location of the vessels, it was concluded that the unusual vessels represented retinal collaterals caused by a prior vascular occlusion.
What kind of vessels are found in the retina?
Examination of the retina revealed unusual retinal vessels superior temporal to the optic disc and a macular hole in the right eye, contributing to the decreased vision in that eye. There was a choroidal nevus in the left eye.
Is it normal to have funny looking optic discs?
Funny-looking optic discs are a “fun” diversion in an ophthalmology clinic (sarcasm implied here). What was initially a routine exam immediately turns into an agonizing “is this normal or not” exercise.