How does TB cause lung abscess?
If the immunity is strong TB bronchopneumonia and abscess occurs but if the immunity is weak miliary TB occurs. TB abscess favors the apical segment of upper and lower lobes due to their low oxygen tension.
How does lung abscess affect the lungs?
A lung abscess is a cavity filled with pus. In most cases, it’s the result of a bacterial infection in lung tissue. The infection causes lung tissue to die. Pus collects in the resulting space.
What is the mechanism of development of primary lung abscess?
A bacterial inoculum from the gingival crevice reaches the lower airways and infection is initiated because the bacteria are not cleared by the patient’s host defense mechanism. This results in aspiration pneumonitis and progression to tissue necrosis 7-14 days later, resulting in formation of lung abscess.
Which is the commonest site for development of lung abscess?
Lung abscesses are often on one side and single involving posterior segments of the upper lobes and the apical segments of the lower lobes as these areas are gravity dependent when lying down. Presence of air-fluid levels implies rupture into the bronchial tree or rarely growth of gas forming organism.
What causes an abscess on the lungs?
A lung abscess is a pus-filled cavity in the lung surrounded by inflamed tissue and caused by an infection. A lung abscess is usually caused by bacteria that normally live in the mouth and are inhaled into the lungs.
What is the physiology of the lungs?
The lungs are the foundational organs of the respiratory system, whose most basic function is to facilitate gas exchange from the environment into the bloodstream. Oxygen gets transported through the alveoli into the capillary network, where it can enter the arterial system, ultimately to perfuse tissue.
What causes lung abscess?
What is an abscess caused by?
Causes of abscesses Most abscesses are caused by a bacterial infection. When bacteria enter your body, your immune system sends infection-fighting white blood cells to the affected area. As the white blood cells attack the bacteria, some nearby tissue dies, creating a hole which then fills with pus to form an abscess.
What is the anatomy and physiology of the lungs?
The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax). The trachea (windpipe) conducts inhaled air into the lungs through its tubular branches, called bronchi. The bronchi then divide into smaller and smaller branches (bronchioles), finally becoming microscopic.
Why respiratory physiology is important?
Understanding respiratory physiology can aid the practitioner in diagnosing the cause of respiratory symptoms. The main goals of respiration are oxygen uptake and elimination of carbon dioxide. Secondary goals include acid-base buffering, hormonal regulation, and host defense.
How does tuberculosis cause damage to the lung?
Importantly, specific host and pathogen factors causing lung impairment remain unclear. Host immune responses probably play a dominant role in lung damage, as excessive inflammation and elevated expression of lung matrix-degrading proteases are common during TB.
Where does tuberculous lung abscess occur in Egypt?
It is limited by the oblique fissure and surrounded by area of consolidation with air bronchogram. Calcified right hilar lymph nodes and esophageal dilatation are also noted. The patient is egyptian. Tuberculosis is endemic in egypt, middle east area and india.
When does a TB abscess occur in a child?
Primary infection with TB occurs during childhood and result in ghon’s focus and the calcified lymph node. Post primary infection occurs later in life either by re-infection or re-activation. If the immunity is strong TB bronchopneumonia and abscess occurs but if the immunity is weak miliary TB occurs.
How is the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis made?
The history of the patient’s contact with cattle or the plants that carry the fungi is important in the diagnosis. A careful study of the sputum, complement fixation tests, and x-ray studies are great aids in finding the true nature of the pathology present. This is a rare condition and is rarely correctly diagnosed.