How does cobalt chloride induce hypoxia?
Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) imitates hypoxia in vitro by stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha (HIF-1α), which is the master regulator in the cellular adaptive response to hypoxia. Cell viability, HIF-1α protein synthesis, and the expression of the chondrogenic markers were analyzed.
What is hypoxia in cell culture?
Hypoxia is defined as the reduction or lack of oxygen in organs, tissues, or cells.
What is chemical hypoxia?
Hypoxia is the chemical reaction that occurs when. natural waters have a low concentration of oxygen. and mostly impacts aquatic life and coastal regions.
How is hypoxia measured in IVF?
HIF-1 activity levels can be measured in vitro by way of a DNA binding assay. Traditionally this has been accomplished by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), but this method can take up to 3 days to get results. A more user-friendly method is now available that gives results in about 4-5 hours.
How do you induce hypoxia?
Use CoCl2 at the final concentration of 100μM in your regular cell culture media to induce hypoxia. Add the CoCl2 containing media to your cells and incubate the cultures for 24hours in a conventional incubator (37°C; 5% C02).
What is hypoxia chamber?
A hypoxic chamber is an area of varying size that simulates high-altitude conditions. Simulated hypoxic conditions are designed to intensify the process of adaptation to altitude conditions.
How do cells grow in hypoxia?
Cells cultured in low oxygen, or hypoxia, grow faster, live longer, and show lower stress. A cell culture incubator that provides nitrogen gas in addition to carbon dioxide is the best way to achieve hypoxic conditions.
What causes hypoxia in water?
What is hypoxia and what causes it? Hypoxia means low oxygen and is primarily a problem for estuaries and coastal waters. Hypoxia can be caused by a variety of factors, including excess nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, and waterbody stratification (layering) due to saline or temperature gradients.
How do you measure hypoxia?
Hypoxemia is determined by measuring the oxygen level in a blood sample taken from an artery (arterial blood gas). It can also be estimated by measuring the oxygen saturation of your blood using a pulse oximeter — a small device that clips to your finger.
How does hypoxia chamber work?
How Does a Hypoxic Chamber Work? A hypoxic chamber is an artificial environment solution that senses the ambient conditions of the local area and has the ability to distort the oxygen profile, thus simulating altitude. In summary, a hypoxic chamber fools the body into believing the athlete is at elevation.
Which is a hypoxia mimic in cobalt chloride?
Hypoxia is a characteristic feature of a number of pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, stroke, cardiac ischemia, etc. (Semenza et al., 2000). Cobalt chloride has been widely used as a hypoxia mimic in both in vivo and in vitro studies (Wang and Semenza, 1993).
What is the molecular formula for cobalt chloride?
Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) PubChem CID 24288 Molecular Formula CoCl2 or Cl2Co Synonyms 7646-79-9 Cobaltchloride Cobalt chloride Molecular Weight 129.84 Date s Modify 2021-08-28 Create 2005-03-26
Which is the chemical inducer of hypoxia in cells?
1. Hypoxia induced by CoCl2 solution. Cobalt (II) Chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2 • 6H2O, MW=237.9) is a chemical inducer of hypoxia-inducible factor-1.3 8. This product is soluble in water (100 mg/ml), yielding a clear, red solution. Prepare a 25mM stock solution in sterile dd water, (prepare immediately before use)
What’s the pH of 0.2 molar cobalt chloride?
A 0.2 molar aqueous solution has a pH of 4.6 NOAA; CAMEO Chemicals. Database of Hazardous Materials. Cobalt Chloride (7646-79-9).