How does JC-1 work?
JC-1 is a lipophilic, cationic dye that can selectively enter into mitochondria and reversibly change color from green to red as the membrane potential increases. In healthy cells with high mitochondrial (ΔψM), JC-1 spontaneously forms complexes known as J-aggregates with intense red fluorescence.
What does JC-1 stain?
The membrane-permeant JC-1 dye is widely used in apoptosis studies to monitor mitochondrial health. JC-1 dye can be used as an indicator of mitochondrial membrane potential in a variety of cell types, including myocytes and neurons, as well as in intact tissues and isolated mitochondria.
What is a JC-1 assay?
The MitoProbe™ JC-1 Assay Kit is a quick and reliable assay used to detect changes in mitochondria by flow cytometry. View a selection guide for all apoptosis assays for flow cytometry. Selective to mitochondrial changes. The membrane-permeant JC-1 dye is widely used in apoptosis studies to monitor mitochondrial health …
How is mitochondrial membrane potential detected?
Probes that detect mitochondrial membrane potential are positively charged, causing them to accumulate in the electronegative interior of the mitochondrion. Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential can be measured by a variety of fluorescence techniques such as flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging.
How does jc1 work?
JC-1 as a fluorescent cationic carbocyanine dye exhibits potential-dependent accumulation in mitochondria, which form J aggregates and it diffuses across mitochondria to form monomeric state upon depolarization (Figure 1).
What is resazurin assay?
The resazurin assay is commonly used to quantify the number of live cells in a sample, and to monitor cell viability / cytotoxicity. It is a fast, simple, accurate and homogeneous / no-wash high throughput assay that can be used to monitor cells for up to 24-48 hours.
What is mitochondrial hyperpolarization?
Mitochondrial hyperpolarization (MHP), an early event of T-cell activation and death, appears to be mediated through inhibition of F0F1-ATPase or dephosphorylation of cytochrome c oxidase [44]. Intracellular ATP concentration is a key switch in the decision of the cell to die by apoptosis or necrosis [26].
What is the mitochondrial membrane?
The outer mitochondrial membrane fully surrounds the inner membrane, with a small intermembrane space in between. This membrane surrounds the mitochondrial matrix, where the citric acid cycle produces the electrons that travel from one protein complex to the next in the inner membrane.
How does mitochondria power the cell?
Known as the “powerhouses of the cell,” mitochondria produce the energy necessary for the cell’s survival and functioning. Through a series of chemical reactions, mitochondria break down glucose into an energy molecule known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used to fuel various other cellular processes.
What is the difference between FACS and flow cytometry?
FACS: What’s The Difference? Flow cytometry and FACS (fluorescence activated cell sorting) are distinctly different procedures though FACS is a descendant procedure based upon flow cytometry protocols. Advancements in cell sorting technology are contributing in a big way to the molecular science landscape.
How is JC-1 dye used in apoptosis studies?
JC-1 Dye for Mitochondrial Membrane Potential The membrane-permeant JC-1 dye is widely used in apoptosis studies to monitor mitochondrial health. JC-1 dye can be used as an indicator of mitochondrial membrane potential in a variety of cell types, including myocytes and neurons, as well as in intact tissues and isolated mitochondria.
What can JC-1 staining be used for?
I understand JC-1 staining is used by many people to monitor mitochondrial membrane potential in apoptosis induction in a variety of cell systems. I see also different ways of interpreting the results (so I am still not persuaded).
How is JC-1 used in flow cytometry?
JC-1 dye is well known for using mitochondrial membrane potential disruption detection during apoptosis. JC-1 entry is from the cell membrane to the cytosol to the mitochondria and forms aggregates. In apoptotic cells these aggregates leak out from the mitochondria to the cytosol as monomers.
How is JC-1 dye used for mitochondrial membrane potential?
JC-1 dye can be used as an indicator of mitochondrial membrane potential in a variety of cell types, including myocytes and neurons, as well as in intact tissues and isolated mitochondria. We offer Invitrogen JC-1 dye as a bulk chemical and in the Invitrogen MitoProbe JC-1 Assay Kit, optimized for flow cytometry.
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