What is the molecular mechanism of mutation?

What is the molecular mechanism of mutation?

In gene mutation, one allele of a gene changes into a different allele. Because such a change takes place within a single gene and maps to one chromosomal locus (“point”), a gene mutation is sometimes called a point mutation.

What are the mechanisms of mutations?

There are two primary mechanisms of mutation: substitution of a deoxyribonucleotide (point mutations) whereby one deoxyribonucleotide is substituted for another during DNA replication; and deletion or addition of a nucleotide (frameshift mutations) where deoxyribonucleotides are either added or deleted during DNA …

What are the mechanisms of gene expression?

Gene expression is the process by which DNA is used to make proteins, which then go on to perform various important functions in the body. The protein could be an enzyme, hormone or receptor, for example.

What is DNA repair mutation?

DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.

What is mutation in molecular biology?

mutation, an alteration in the genetic material (the genome) of a cell of a living organism or of a virus that is more or less permanent and that can be transmitted to the cell’s or the virus’s descendants.

What is excision repair mechanism?

The basic mechanism of excision repair involves: (1) damage recognition; (2) subunit assembly; (3) dual incisions that result in excision of the damage-containing oligomer; (4) resynthesis to fill in the gap; and (5) ligation to regenerate an intact molecule.

What is an example of a molecular mechanism?

For example, thinking about the molecular mechanism of translation (the synthesis of proteins based on a mRNA molecule) requires the recognition of key entities such as “RNA transcript,” “ribosome,” “tRNA,” and “amino acids,” among others.

How are mutations and DNA repair mechanisms related?

Mutation and dna repair mechanisms MUTATIONS AND DNAREPAIR MECHANISMS Mutations can occur in a number of ways:1. Errors can occur during DNA replication, DNA repair, or DNA recombination which can lead to base-pair substitutions, insertions, or deletions, as well as mutations affecting longer stretches of DNA.2.

What happens to DNA if it is not repaired?

DNA and its mutation • Components of DNA has its unique structures. • Its integrity and stability are essential for life. • Some factors can influence on DNA, resulting DNA damage. • If not repaired, will lead to mutation and possibly disease. • Permanent change in the DNA sequence is called Mutation.

How is PTEN related to the DNA repair process?

• Nuclear accumulation of PTEN increases which positively regulates the DNA repair process. • PTEN as the intermediate component of DNA repair. • Phosphorylation of PTEN is associated with DNA repair • PTEN is essential for successful DNA repair. 36. References • Clancy S. DNA damage and repair: Mechanisms for Maintaining DNA Integrity.

When do errors occur in the replication of DNA?

Errors can occur during DNA replication, DNA repair, or DNA recombination which can lead to base-pair substitutions, insertions, or deletions, as well as mutations affecting longer stretches of DNA.2. Mutagens are chemical or physical agents that interact with DNA to cause mutations.3.