What type of genome does adenovirus have?
The adenovirus genome is a single linear molecule of double-stranded DNA (26 163–48 395 bp) containing an inverted terminal repeat (ITR) of 30–371 bp at its termini, with the 5′ ends of each DNA strand linked covalently to a virus-coded terminal protein (TP). The nucleotide composition is 33.6–67.6% G + C.
What are characteristics of poxviruses?
Poxviruses are brick or oval-shaped viruses with large double-stranded DNA genomes. Poxviruses exist throughout the world and cause disease in humans and many other types of animals. Poxvirus infections typically result in the formation of lesions, skin nodules, or disseminated rash.
What is rotavirus genome?
The genome of rotaviruses consists of 11 unique double helix molecules of RNA (dsRNA) which are 18,555 nucleotides in total. Each helix, or segment, is a gene, numbered 1 to 11 by decreasing size. Each gene codes for one protein, except genes 9, which codes for two.
What is the genome of TMV?
The TMV genome consists of a 6.3–6.5 kbp single-stranded (ss) RNA. The 3′-terminus has a tRNA-like structure, and the 5′ terminus has a methylated nucleotide cap. (m7G5’pppG). The genome encodes 4 open reading frames (ORFs), two of which produce a single protein due to ribosomal readthrough of a leaky UAG stop codon.
Is adenovirus genetic?
Adenovirus genomes are linear, non-segmented double-stranded (ds) DNA molecules that are typically 26-46 Kbp long, containing 23-46 protein-coding genes. The example used for the following description is Human adenovirus E, a mastadenovirus with a 36 Kbp genome containing 38 protein-coding genes.
What cells do poxviruses infect?
Poxviruses that infect vertebrates are of the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae and share several biological features. All are large, brick-shaped DNA viruses, with genomes that range from 130–300 kb, and all replicate exclusively in the cytoplasm of infected cells25.
How do poxviruses work?
Some poxviruses express an epidermal growth factor and host range genes which play a role in pathogenesis and cell tropism. Human monkeypox is usually acquired via the respiratory tract, and during a 12-day incubation period viremia distributes infection to internal organs, which are damaged by virus infection.
How big are the virions of Poxviridae?
In fact, they are large enough, with a virion size of 220-350 x 115-260 nm, to be seen under a light microscope. They infect a wide range of hosts, and are divided into two subfamilies: Chordopoxvirinae and Entomopoxviridae.
Why does a poxvirus have a large genome?
The large genome enables poxviruses to encode many virulence factors that are nonessential for virus replication in cell culture but which influence the outcome of infection in vivo.
What kind of viruses are in the Poxviridae family?
The Poxviridae family is an extensive group of viruses with a broad host range that includes both vertebrates and invertebrates. The best-studied poxviruses belong to the Orthopoxvirus genus and include variola virus (VAR; the causative agent of smallpox) and monkeypox virus (MPX; the causative agent of monkeypox).
Are there any phylogenetic relationships between poxviruses and rudiviruses?
Based on the genome organisation and DNA replication mechanism it seems that phylogenetic relationships may exist between the rudiviruses (Rudiviridae) and the large eukaryal DNA viruses: the African swine fever virus (Asfarviridae), Chlorella viruses (Phycodnaviridae) and poxviruses (Poxviridae).