What caused the middle Miocene climatic optimum?
The primary causes for the cooling that came out of the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum are centered around significant changes in both oceanic circulation, as well as changing atmospheric CO2 levels.
What caused the Middle Miocene disruption?
Cooling that led to the Middle Miocene disruption is primarily attributed to orbitally paced changes in oceanic and atmospheric circulation due to continental drift. This period was preceded by the Miocene Climatic Optimum, a period of relative warmth from 18 to 14 Ma.
How did the climate change during the Miocene?
The global climate during the Miocene is known to have been much warmer than the present. During the cool period detected in this study, sea surface temperatures dropped to near modern levels. The new record of sea surface temperatures was derived from ocean sediment sampled at 17 different sites around the world.
What happened in the Middle Miocene?
The “Middle Miocene disruption” refers to a wave of extinctions of terrestrial and aquatic life forms that occurred following the Miocene Climatic Optimum (18 to 16 Ma), around 14.8 to 14.5 million years ago, during the Langhian Stage of the mid-Miocene.
What caused the Mmco?
This basin was formed by the collision of the Eurasian Plate with the Indian Australian Plate during Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene [5];[6]; [7];[8]. On Early – Late Miocene, Cibulakan Formation was deposited in Bogor Basin in back arc setting [5] (Figure 1B).
What is the middle Miocene climatic optimum?
The Middle Miocene Climate Optimum was a unique warming period in the Earth’s geologic history, when a high global mean annual temperature was accompanied by a relatively low global CO2 concentration.
When was the middle Miocene?
15.97 million years ago – 11.608 million years ago
Middle Miocene/Occurred
What happened during the Miocene Epoch?
The Miocene Epoch (23 million to 5.3 million years ago) is probably the most fruitful… During the Miocene, land-dwelling mammals were essentially modern; many archaic groups were extinct by the end of the preceding Oligocene, and fully half of the mammalian families known today are present in the Miocene record.
What was the climate like in the Oligocene epoch?
Oligocene climates appear to have been temperate, and many regions enjoyed subtropical climatic conditions. Grasslands expanded and forested regions dwindled during this time, while tropical vegetation flourished along the borders of the Tethyan Sea.
What is the mid Miocene climatic optimum?
What was the middle Eocene climatic optimum?
The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) was a gradual warming event and carbon cycle perturbation that occurred between 40.5 and 40.1 Ma. This finding suggests that middle Eocene climate (and perhaps a nascent cryosphere) was highly sensitive to small changes in radiative forcing.
Why did the climate change during the Pliocene epoch?
During the Pliocene the earth climate system response shifted from a period of high frequency-low amplitude oscillation dominated by the 41,000-year period of Earth’s obliquity to one of low-frequency, high-amplitude oscillation dominated by the 100,000-year period of the orbital eccentricity characteristic of the …