What is anti B2GPI antibody test?
Beta 2GP1 Ab. Beta-2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies (IgG, IgM, and very rarely IgA) 28 February 2018. This article waslast modified on 5 August 2021. To help investigate inappropriate blood clot formation; to help determine the cause of recurrent miscarriage; as part of an evaluation for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
What does a positive cardiolipin IgG mean?
A positive result means that cardiolipin antibody was detected in the blood. As mentioned earlier, the presence of cardiolipin antibodies may indicate several diseases, such as: Syphilis. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
What is beta-2 glycoprotein antibody blood test for?
Beta-2 glycoprotein 1 antibody tests are primarily used along with cardiolipin antibody and lupus anticoagulant testing to help diagnose: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) The cause of an unexplained blood clot (thrombotic episode) The cause of recurrent miscarriages in women.
What is B2GPI?
Introduction: Beta-2-glycoprotein I (B2GPI) is a 50 KD protein cofactor required by anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) to bind to cardiolipin and other phospholipid molecules.
What do antiphospholipid antibodies do?
Antiphospholipid antibodies are a group of immune proteins (antibodies) that the body mistakenly produces against itself in an autoimmune response to phospholipids. Tests can detect these autoantibodies that bind to phospholipids and, in a way that is not well understood, increase the risk of excessive blood clotting.
What is a lupus screen test?
98% of all people with systemic lupus have a positive ANA test, making it the most sensitive diagnostic test for confirming diagnosis of the disease. The test for anti-nuclear antibodies is called the immunofluorescent antinuclear antibody test. In this test, a blood sample is drawn and sent to a laboratory.
What does it mean if cardiolipin is high?
Platelets, blood cells that help blood to clot, also get used up, leading to problems with bleeding. The levels of these antibodies are often high in people with abnormal blood clotting, autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or repeated miscarriages.
What is glycoprotein IgG?
This layer of lipid-proteins is present on the outermost section of most cell membranes and platelets. Beta-2-Glycoprotein 1 IgG/IgM test is an ELISA (Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay) test that pits the IgG and IgM antibodies to fight against the beta-2-glycoprotein, present in serum and plasma.
What is a normal range for beta-2 glycoprotein?
Normal: β2 GPI IgG ≤ 20 SGU U/mL. β2 GPI IgM ≤ 20 SMU U/mL.
Is APS hereditary?
Genetic factors APS isn’t passed down directly from parents to children in the same way as other conditions, such as haemophilia and sickle cell anaemia. But having a family member with antiphospholipid antibodies increases the chance of your immune system also producing them.
Can APS go away?
How antiphospholipid syndrome is treated. Although there’s no cure for APS, the risk of developing blood clots can be greatly reduced if it’s correctly diagnosed. An anticoagulant medicine, such as warfarin, or an antiplatelet, such as low-dose aspirin, is usually prescribed.
When to use b2gpi IgG and IgM testing?
Both anti-B2GPI IgG and IgM testing are recommended for use in conjunction with traditionally used ACA and lupus anticoagulant tests but should not replace these assays because they are more sensitive. The latest (1999) International Consensus criteria for APS require persistent test positivity after 6 weeks as an indication of “pathogenic” ACA.
Is there a consensus unit for b2gpi antibodies?
International reference materials and consensus units for anti-B2GPI antibodies have not been established (Clin Chim Acta. 2012;413 (1-2):358-60; Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64 (1):1-10.); results can be variable between different commercial immunoassays and cannot be compared. Strong clinical correlation is recommended for a diagnosis of APS.
What does persistence mean in b2gpi blood test?
Persistence is defined as moderate or high levels of IgG and/or IgM B2GPI antibodies detected in two or more specimens drawn at least 12 weeks apart (J Throm Haemost. 2006;4:295-306). B2GPI results greater than 20 SGU (IgG) and/or SMU (IgM) are considered positive based on the cutoff values established for this test.
Which is more specific anti-b2-gpi or anti-ACA?
Investigations have shown that anti-B2-GPI antibodies are more (but not 100%) specificin identifying patients with “pathogenic” ACA associated with the antiphospholipid syndrome.