Why observational studies should be among the tools used in comparative effectiveness research?
Despite methodological challenges, high-quality observational studies have an important role in comparative effectiveness research because they can address issues that are otherwise difficult or impossible to study.
Is comparative research observational?
Comparative effectiveness research (CER) using observational study designs refers to the wide scope of research that allows for the generation of evidence to support one care strategy over another.
What is comparative effectiveness methodology?
Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER) is the generation and synthesis of evidence that compares the benefits and harms of alternative methods to prevent, diagnose, treat and monitor a clinical condition, or to improve the delivery of care.
What kind of study is an observational study?
Observational studies are ones where researchers observe the effect of a risk factor, diagnostic test, treatment or other intervention without trying to change who is or isn’t exposed to it. Cohort studies and case control studies are two types of observational studies.
What are examples of observational studies?
Examples of Observational Studies Consider someone on the busy street of a New York neighborhood asking random people that pass by how many pets they have, then taking this data and using it to decide if there should be more pet food stores in that area.
When should observational studies be used?
Observational studies are also useful in studying rare events where we can retrospectively collect data to determine probable causes. Additionally, observational studies help researchers know what happens in real life situations. These studies serve as a collection of data from standard practice.
What type of research is a comparative study?
Comparative research is a research methodology in the social sciences that aims to make comparisons across different countries or cultures.
What is the main question in comparative effectiveness research?
The core question of comparative effectiveness research is which treatment works best, for whom, and under what circumstances. Engaging various stakeholders in this process, while difficult, makes research more applicable through providing information that improves patient decision making.
What is the purpose of comparative effectiveness research?
The goal of comparative effectiveness research is to generate better information about the risks and benefits and costs of different treatment options in order to provide health-care decision makers—including patients, clinicians, purchasers, and policymakers—with up-to-date, evidence-based information about their …
Is comparative effectiveness research a clinical trial?
Abstract: Clinical trials are one of the key study designs in the evolving field of comparative effectiveness research. Comparative effectiveness research (CER) aims to provide health care stakeholders, including patients, clinicians, and policymakers, with evidence necessary to make informed health care decisions.
What are the 5 types of observational studies?
Observational studies are usually categorized into various categories such as case report or case series, ecologic, cross-sectional (prevalence study), case-control and cohort studies. Other variants of these observational studies are also possible such as nested case-control study, case cohort study etc.
What are the 3 types of observational study?
Three types of observational studies include cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies (Figure 1).
What is the purpose of Comparative Effectiveness Research?
CER focuses on which treatment works best, for whom, and under what circumstances, without consideration of the cost of treatment. While focused on improving outcomes, CER also has the potential to be used to change the underlying cost of health care.
When is observational research is a useful method?
Observational studies are also a useful method when trials have not been or cannot be performed. For example, there are instances when it would be ethically unacceptable to deny access to an intervention or to deliberately expose patients to less-effective treatments.
Who are the members of the comparative effectiveness work group?
Members of the Comparative Effectiveness Work Group include: Susan Pantely, MAAA, FSA, chairperson; Jeff Adams, MAAA, ASA; Colleen Driscoll, MAAA, FSA, FCA, EA; Audrey Halvorson, MAAA, FSA; Malgorzata Jankowiak-Roslanowska, MAAA, ASA. For a print-ready PDF of this page, click here.