What causes purpura Hemorrhagica?
Purpura hemorrhagica is an immune mediated condition caused by vasculitis, or an inflammation of the blood vessels. This causes bleeding and swelling and is believed to be an allergic reaction to a previous infection of any streptococcal bacteria, such as strangles, or a virus.
How do you treat Purpura Hemorrhagica?
Treatment. A veterinarian usually starts the horse on dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, which eases the immune reaction. In addition, antibiotics will stop any other respiratory infections and prevent further infections. The disease is often mild and the horse recovers well.
What is Purpura Hemorrhagica in horses?
Abstract. Purpura hemorrhagica is a noncontagious, immune-mediated vasculitis of horses that is characterized by subcutaneous edema of the head, ventral abdomen, and limbs and by petechial hemorrhages of the mucous membranes.
What type of hypersensitivity is Purpura Hemorrhagica?
equi M protein (SeM); purpura hemorrhagica is classified as a type III hypersensitivity reaction and is caused by immune complexes (antigen and immunoglobulins) that deposit on the walls of small blood vessels (resulting in vasculitis) or renal glomerular capillaries and vessels (resulting in glomerulonephritis).
What are bastard strangles?
Metastatic strangles (sometimes called “bastard strangles”) is a condition in which lymph nodes in other parts of the body, such as the abdomen and chest, are affected. The diagnosis of strangles is confirmed by bacterial culture of secretions from abscesses or nasal swab samples.
What is Purpura Fulminans?
Purpura fulminans (PF) is a haematological emergency in which there is skin necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. This may progress rapidly to multi-organ failure caused by thrombotic occlusion of small and medium-sized blood vessels.
What is HSP virus?
HSP is an autoimmune disease that is often triggered by an upper respiratory infection. Symptoms include a rash caused by bleeding under the skin, arthritis, belly pain, and kidney disease. Most children recover fully. But some children may have kidney problems.
How do you identify purpura?
The main symptom of purpura is a purplish-red rash just beneath the skin’s surface. The rash can appear anywhere on the body, including on mucous membranes such as the lining of the mouth. The symptoms that sometimes accompany purpura can help identify its cause.
Is there such a thing as purpura hemorrhagica?
Purpura hemorrhagica is an uncommon, noncontagious, sporadic disease of horses. It has also been recorded in pigs and cattle. Estimates of the incidence of the disease are uncommon and imprecise.
What kind of disease does a purpura horse have?
Purpura hemorrhagica is a hemorrhagic disease of horses associated with leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The majority of cases occur as sequelae to strangles (clinical disease caused by infection with Streptococcus equi subsp. equi ). 28 Cases also occur following immunization against S. equi and as sequelae to infection with other streptococci.
Can a horse get purpura hemorrhagica from a pig?
Purpura hemorrhagica is an uncommon, noncontagious, sporadic disease of horses. It has also been recorded in pigs and cattle.
Can a leukocytoclastic vasculitis be diagnosed with purpura hemorrhagica?
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis on histologic examination of skin is consistent with a diagnosis of purpura hemorrhagica. In those cases associated with S. equi infection, isolation of the organism and demonstration of elevated IgA and IgG titers to S. equi are also supportive.