What is an example of a basaltic volcano?
Shield volcanoes are almost exclusively basalt, a type of lava that is very fluid when erupted. Examples of shield volcanoes are Kilauea and Mauna Loa (and their Hawaiian friends), Fernandina (and its Galápagos friends), Karthala, Erta Ale, Tolbachik, Masaya, and many others.
What are basaltic volcanoes?
Basaltic volcanoes are characterized by persistent periods of activity ranging from effusive lava flows to explosive eruptions with variable intensity (i.e., lava fountains to high-intensity, short-lasting paroxysmal events), each posing different types of potential threats to the local population.
What volcano has basaltic magma?
Shield volcanoes
Shield volcanoes are formed by basaltic magma, typically above a mantle plume, whereas the stratovolcanoes (sometimes referred to as composite volcanoes) are formed by andesitic/rhyolitic magma.
What volcanoes have basaltic lava?
Most shield volcanoes are formed from fluid, basaltic lava flows. Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa are shield volcanoes. They are the world’s largest active volcanoes, rising over 9 km above the sea floor around the island of Hawai’i.
What is the name of basaltic lava?
Basaltic lava is another term for mafic lava. Mafic lava is molten rock that is enriched in iron and magnesium and low in silica. When mafic lava cools on the earth’s surface, it forms basalt, which is why mafic lava is commonly called ‘basaltic lava. ‘
Where do you find basaltic lava?
Basaltic magma is commonly produced by direct melting of the Earth’s mantle, the region of the Earth below the outer crust. On continents, the mantle begins at depths of 30 to 50 km. Shield volcanoes, such as those that make up the Islands of Hawai’i, are composed almost entirely of basalt.
What is basaltic lava called?
Basaltic lava, or mafic lava, is molten rock enriched in iron and magnesium and depleted in silica. When on land, basaltic lavas are commonly seen as pahoehoe or ‘a’a flows. Underwater, basaltic lavas are erupted as pillow basalts. More rare basaltic lava features include lava lakes and lava fountains.
Where do you find volcanoes with basaltic lava?
Oceanic crust and submarine volcanoes consist largely of basalt, because most of them are formed at rift-zones (all ocean floor) or hot-spots. Among subaerial volcanoes, basaltic lava is primarily found at shield volcanoes.
What type of lava is basaltic?
Basaltic lava, or mafic lava, is molten rock enriched in iron and magnesium and depleted in silica. Basaltic magmas are formed by exceeding the melting point of the mantle either by adding heat, changing its composition, or decreasing its pressure. Underwater, basaltic lavas are erupted as pillow basalts.
What are the 3 main volcanoes?
There are three types of volcanoes: cinder cones (also called spatter cones), composite volcanoes (also called stratovolcanoes), and shield volcanoes. Figure 11.22 illustrates the size and shape differences amongst these volcanoes. Shield volcanoes, which get their name from their broad rounded shape, are the largest.
How big does the eruption of a basaltic volcano get?
However, this doesn’t mean that basaltic lavas always flow quietly from the Earth. Explosive basaltic eruptions and fire fountains can send volcanic tephra tens to hundreds of meters into the air – sometimes more than a kilometer!
Are there any reports of volcanism in Crater Basalt?
The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports for Crater Basalt Volcanic Field. The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Crater Basalt Volcanic Field. The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Crater Basalt Volcanic Field.
Where are basalts found on the earth’s surface?
Basalt underlies more of Earth’s surface than any other rock type. Most areas within Earth’s ocean basins are underlain by basalt. Although basalt is much less common on continents, lava flows and flood basalts underlie several percent of Earth’s land surface.
Which is the most common volcanic rock on Earth?
More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt is chemically equivalent to slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro. The eruption of basalt lava is observed by geologists at about 20 volcanoes per year. Basalt is also an important rock type on other planetary bodies in the Solar System.