What is a liner plate?
Liner plates, which were developed as a tunnel lining material, are corrugated thin steel sheet with flanges attached on four sides. Because of their outstanding features, our liner plates are used widely in shafts (for deep foundation and jacking methods), catchment wells and other applications.
What are the purpose of tunnel lining?
The objectives of a lining are as follows. (a) Strengthening the sides and roofs to withstand pressure and prevent the tunnel from collapsing. (b) Providing the correct shape and cross section to the tunnel. (c) Checking the leakage of water from the sides and the top.
What is meant by tunnel lining?
i. The timber, brick, concrete, or steel supports erected in a tunnel to maintain dimensions and safe working conditions.
What is pilot tunnel method?
The pilot tunnel is driven parallel to the main tunnel and connected to the centre line of the main tunnel with cross cuts at many points. The main tunnel is then excavated from a number of points. In this method, the excavation is carried out along the perimeter or periphery of the section.
What is liner plate in construction?
A liner plate is a part of a modern support system in underground construction. Liner plate sections are placed in tunnels and bolted together into a solid sheet that eventually forms a complete tube. The technique is useful in trenchless construction, particularly in the initial stages of tunnel construction.
What is liner chute?
5.1 Rubber Chute Liner: This is most common material as wear resistant lining,Which may be adhered in sheets or be vulcanized. They are characterized by good impact resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion & wear resistance and easily to be Cutted , bent or crimped, welded and punched.
How tunnel lining is done?
The lining is done in two or three parts. i.e overt, invert and kerb. For lining of overt of the tunnel, travelling type of shutter forms of suitable length are used. In tunnels to be used for water, concrete lining is done to prevent seepage of water.
What is tunnel and its types?
There are three basic types of tunnel construction in common use: Cut-and-cover tunnel, constructed in a shallow trench and then covered over; Bored tunnel, constructed in situ, without removing the ground above. There are also Conveyance Tunnels and Traffic Tunnels.
How many types of lining are in tunnels?
The basic materials for tunnel lining construction are cast-in-place concrete, cast-in-place and prefabricated reinforced concrete, cast iron and steel. These materials are chosen according to conditions of construction area and tunnelling methods.
Which method can be adopted for rock tunneling?
Explanation: Blasting is the conventional method which is adopted in case of rock tunneling. In the case of fire-setting, tunnel is heated with fire and then cooled with water.
What is drift method of tunneling?
Drift Method: In this method after driving the drift, the drill holes are drilled all round the drift in the entire cross section of the tunnel, filled with explosives and ignited. The rock shatters, the muck removed and the tunnel expanded to the full cross section.
What is Forepoling in tunneling?
Forepoling, also known as tube umbrella, is an application used to strengthen tunnel roof in broken rock conditions. Drilling system consists of casing tubes which are drilled through the overburden as an umbrella and filled with grouting.
What does a liner plate in a tunnel mean?
Liner Plate. Definition – What does Liner Plate mean? A liner plate is a part of a modern support system in underground construction. Liner plate sections are placed in tunnels and bolted together into a solid sheet that eventually forms a complete tube. Steel ribs are used in larger tunnels for reinforcement.
How are liner plates used in Trenchless construction?
The technique is useful in trenchless construction, particularly in the initial stages of tunnel construction. Liner plates are produced in segments and assembled within the tunnel. They are often used with loose or soft soil.
How are liner plates used in vertical load support?
The ability of the surrounding ground to resist the outward bulge of the liner plate ring is the key to vertical load support. With the ring confined to a small amount of deflection, the thrust line induced by the load is forced to follow the ring of liner plates.
Why do you need a stiff tunnel liner?
A sufficiently stiff tunnel liner functions as a safety zone for workers and equipment. The required amount of liner stiffness depends upon soils, tunnel size and construction methods. If minimum effective stiffness required for a project is related