What are the undesirable effects of sulfonamides and what can result from these effects?
Patients receiving sulfonamides should avoid excessive exposure to sunlight and should wear sunscreen. Other rare side effects include liver damage, low white blood cell count (leucopenia), low platelet count (thrombocytopenia), and anemia. Formation of urinary crystals which may damage the kidney and may cause blood.
Why are sulfonamides bad?
Sulfonamides have the potential to cause a variety of untoward reactions, including urinary tract disorders, haemopoietic disorders, porphyria and hypersensitivity reactions. When used in large doses, they may cause a strong allergic reaction.
Which of the following is are the major side effect of sulfonamide?
Other important side effects of the sulfonamides include diarrhea, nausea, skin rash, headaches, and dizziness. Between 1% and 2% of patients have hypersensitivity responses to sulfonamides, but most of these are mild and self-limited and not associated with significant liver injury.
How does sulfonamides affect and destroy bacteria?
Sulfa drugs are bacteriostatic; i.e., they inhibit the growth and multiplication of bacteria but do not kill them. They act by interfering with the synthesis of folic acid (folate), a member of the vitamin B complex present in all living cells.
What are the side effects of cephalexin?
Cephalexin may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
- nausea.
- diarrhea.
- vomiting.
- heartburn.
- stomach pain.
- rectal or genital itching.
- dizziness.
- extreme tiredness.
Which organisms are not affected by sulfonamides?
The sulfonamides are nontoxic to mammalian cells because they use dietary folate for synthesis of dihydrofolic acid and do not require PABA. The addition of TMP or PYM to a sulfonamide creates a bactericidal combination.
Are sulfonamides Gram positive or negative?
Sulfonamides competitively inhibit enzymes that function in synthesis of folic acid, which is required for production of purine, thymidine, methionine, glycine and formylmethionyl-transfer RNA. The end result is inhibition of protein synthesis, metabolism and growth.
How does sulfonamides not harm human cells?
Sulfa drugs are bacteriostatic. They inhibit an enzyme necessary for the biosynthesis of folic acid in bacteria. Sulfonamides do not harm their human hosts, however, because, unlike susceptible bacteria, humans acquire folic acid from their diet and lack the enzyme necessary for synthesizing folic acid.
What are symptoms of too much antibiotics?
According to Merck, antibiotics can cause allergy-like symptoms such as wheezing and difficulty breathing. In severe cases taking too many antibiotics can prevent a person from breathing altogether.
Does alfuzosin cause tiredness?
The most common side effects of alfuzosin are dizziness, headache, tiredness, postural hypotension , and This side effects occur in fewer than 1 per every 15 patients.
Does cefdinir antibiotic cause reddish stool?
Cefdinir is a commonly prescribed antibiotic in pediatric populations because of its once-daily dosing and its indications for acute otitis media, pharyngitis, acute sinusitis, and uncomplicated skin infections. Maroon- or red-colored stools are a known side-effect of cefdinir that have been infrequently reported in the medical literature.
Is sulfa an antibiotic?
Sulfa is a constituent of some antibiotics and other medications. Doctors and pharmacists use drugs that contain sulfa to treat many conditions, including skin disorders, eye infections, and rheumatoid arthritis.