What is structural redundancy?
Structural redundancy: Structural redundancy is defined as redundancy that exists as a result of the continuity within the load path. Any statically indeterminate structure may be said to be redundant. For example, a single span is statically determinate and cannot distribute load or stress to another span.
Why redundancy is important in structure?
It is shown that redundancy helps to enhance the safety margin of a structure in its intact state and mitigate the sensitivity of the structure to local damage, i.e. ensure structural robustness. We believe that this explanation creates a bridge between redundancy, and safety decision-making and hazard mitigation.
How could the incorporation of redundancy in design benefit reliability?
A system with a single point of failure is usually made more reliable by the concept of redundancy. Redundant members are added in structural members to reduce the likelihood of failure. This has an effect in increasing the safety, functionality and reliability of the structure.
What is the difference between robustness and redundancy?
The principal difference between the robustness and the redundancy of a system of events as viewed in the event-oriented system analysis is that robustness is regarded as the system’s capability to respond to all possible random failures uniformly.
What is redundancy in reliability engineering?
In engineering, redundancy is the duplication of critical components or functions of a system with the intention of increasing reliability of the system, usually in the form of a backup or fail-safe, or to improve actual system performance, such as in the case of GNSS receivers, or multi-threaded computer processing.
What is an internally redundant structure?
Internal redundancy is when a structural member has alternative and sufficient load paths existing within the member itself. For example, a riveted steel member connection is considered internally redundant if it has multiple plies.
How is redundancy information calculated?
The formula for redundancy is R = 1 – H/Hmax (Note R is always less than 1). Therefore, the redundancy in this case is 0.125. In other words, 1/8 of the symbols are redundant.
What are main disadvantages of redundancy?
During a failure, a redundant system might provide poor availability. Imagine, for example, an environment in which the load is shared between two redundant server components. The failure of one server component might put an excessive load on the other server, making this server respond more slowly to client requests.
How does structural redundancy reduce the risk of failure?
For an assembly of members prior to the collapse of an overstressed member, the load carried by that member will be redistributed to adjacent members or elements. The latter have the capacity to temporarily carry additional load. Redundancy therefore reduces the risk of failure and increases the factor of safety.
When does a member of a structure become redundant?
In the second case, a member is considered structurally redundant if its boundary conditions or supports are such that failure of the member merely changes the boundary or support conditions but does not result in the collapse of the superstructure.
Which is an example of internal redundancy in steel?
Internal redundancy is when a structural member has alternative and sufficient load paths existing within the member itself. For example, a riveted steel member connection is considered internally redundant if it has multiple plies.
What are the different types of bridge redundancy?
Bridge redundancy can be defined as the capability of a bridge structural system to carry loads after damage to or the failure of one or more of its members ( AASHTO 2013). There are three types of redundancy: load path redundancy, structural redundancy, and internal redundancy.