What are the guidelines and standards for bite mark and dental impression evidence?
1) Impressions should be taken of the surface containing questioned bitemarks, especially when three-dimensional properties are present. The impression materials used should meet American Dental Association (ADA) specifications and should be documented by name, including lot number and expiration date, in the report.
What is the second step in analyzing bite marks?
The second step in bite mark analysis is to determine which marks were made from which teeth. The upper 4 front teeth make rectangular marks. The upper and lower cuspids tend to leave round or oval-shaped marks.
What are the limitations of bite mark analysis?
The problem with identifying the source from the Bitemarks is that during disasters situation, there is limited number of people to identify and full dentition of the victims is also available as well as dental charts but in Bite Marks identification cases limited Portion of the dentition available and flesh is far …
How will you determine the orientation of the bite mark in the photo?
Off-angle images introduce errors in size and shape of the injury, some of which cannot be corrected during enlargement. One simple technique for determining correct camera position is to place a small mirror over the area to be photographed, and oriented in the same plane as the injury.
What is an ABFO scale?
ABFO stands for “American Board of Forensic Odontologists.” The scale was developed by this board in order to properly photograph bite mark evidence for comparison of the human mouth. It is important to document the bite mark photographically before processing the evidence in any other way.
What are the parameters of collecting bite marks?
The potatoes were given to 30 males and 30 females and their bite mark patterns are collected. Parameters such as upper arch length, upper incisor width, lower arch length, lower incisor width are measured by using scale and pencil. Then the patterns are documented as photographs.
When evaluating a bite mark what should be the first thing determined?
The first step in analyzing the bite is to identify it as human. Animal teeth are very different from humans’ teeth, so they leave very different bite-mark patterns. Next, the bite is swabbed for DNA, which may have been left in the saliva of the biter.
How are bite marks analysis?
Several methods ofbite mark analysis have been reported. 20 All methods involve three steps: (1) registration ofboth the bite mark and the suspect’s dentition, (2) comparison of the dentition and bite mark, and (3) evaluation of the points of similarity or dissimilarity.
What is an ABFO scale and how is it used?
The ABFO No. 2 Scale was designed by the American Board of Forensic Odontology and is used through the country when photographing bite marks on a victim’s body. The three crosshair circles are useful in helping to compensate for distortion resulting from oblique camera angles.
What is Ameloglyphics?
Ameloglyphics is the term used for the study of patterns of enamel rods.[4] Enamel does not remodel nor does it remain in close contact with the cells which synthesize it; rather, the ameloblasts retract away from the enamel surface once it has matured and the tooth has erupted.
How are bite marks measured?
Human bite marks are often elliptical or circular in shape and display traits of the teeth used to make the mark. To determine whether or not it was self inflicted, DNA testing can be used on the saliva that the biter left behind. This DNA testing could also help find the suspect.
What are the components of an ABFO bitemark?
ABFO Bitemark Terminology Guidelines Component Injuries Seen in Bitemarks Abrasions (scrapes), contusions (bruises), lacerations (tears), ecchymosis, petechiae, avulsion, indentations (depressions), erythema (redness) and punctures may be seen in bitemarks.
Is the ABFO the American Board of Forensic Odontology?
The ABFO is accredited by the Forensic Specialties Accreditation Board (FSAB) as a forensic specialty offering board certification to qualified dentists.
Is the ABFO board accredited by the fsab?
The ABFO is comprised of individuals who are nationally and internationally recognized experts. The ABFO is accredited by the Forensic Specialties Accreditation Board (FSAB) as a forensic specialty offering board certification to qualified dentists.
What are the uses of bite mark analysis?
Other uses in law for dentists include the identification of human remains, medico-legal assessment of trauma to oral tissues, and testimony about dental malpractice. While the practice of human identification is well established, validated and proven to be accurate, the practice of bite mark analysis is less well accepted.