What is the name of the binding site of RNA polymerase in eukaryotes?

What is the name of the binding site of RNA polymerase in eukaryotes?

the nucleolus
Each eukaryotic polymerase also requires a distinct set of transcription factors to bring it to the DNA template. RNA polymerase I is located in the nucleolus, a specialized nuclear substructure in which ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is transcribed, processed, and assembled into ribosomes.

Is RNA polymerase the same in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcriptions use a common enzyme, RNA polymerase, to transcribe DNA into RNA. Prokaryotes utilize one RNA polymerase for all transcription of types of RNA. Each of the three RNA polymerases in eukaryotes is responsible for transcribing a unique type of RNA.

What does RNA polymerase bind to in prokaryotes?

In the absence of σ, RNA polymerase binds nonspecifically to DNA with low affinity. The role of σ is to direct the polymerase to promoters by binding specifically to both the -35 and -10 sequences, leading to the initiation of transcription at the beginning of a gene (Figure 6.4).

Where does the RNA polymerase enzyme bind?

the promoter
To begin transcribing a gene, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA of the gene at a region called the promoter. Basically, the promoter tells the polymerase where to “sit down” on the DNA and begin transcribing.

Which is the coding strand?

By convention, the coding strand is the strand used when displaying a DNA sequence. Wherever a gene exists on a DNA molecule, one strand is the coding strand (or sense strand), and the other is the noncoding strand (also called the antisense strand, anticoding strand, template strand or transcribed strand).

What binds to the promoter in prokaryotic cells in eukaryotic cells?

The promoter contains specific DNA sequences that are recognized by proteins known as transcription factors. These factors bind to the promoter sequences, recruiting RNA polymerase, the enzyme that synthesizes the RNA from the coding region of the gene.

How does the structure of RNA polymerase differ in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA polymerase is that prokaryotes have a single type of RNA polymerase, whereas eukaryotes have three main types of RNA polymerases.

Where does repressor bind in prokaryotes?

operator
A repressor protein binds to a site called on the operator. In this case (and many other cases), the operator is a region of DNA that overlaps with or lies just downstream of the RNA polymerase binding site (promoter). That is, it is in between the promoter and the genes of the operon.

How does RNA polymerase bind to the promoter region in eukaryotes?

Where does transcription take place in prokaryotes?

cytoplasm
(a) In prokaryotes, the processes of transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm, allowing for a rapid cellular response to an environmental cue.

How is the RNA polymerase used in prokaryotes?

Prokaryotes use the same RNA polymerase to transcribe all of their genes. In E. coli, the polymerase is composed of five polypeptide subunits. These subunits assemble every time a gene is transcribed, and they disassemble once transcription is complete. Each subunit has a unique role (which you do not need to memorize).

Where does the RNA polymerase holoenzyme assemble at?

To begin transcription, the RNA polymerase holoenzyme assembles at the promoter. The dissociation of σ allows the core enzyme to proceed along the DNA template, synthesizing mRNA by adding RNA nucleotides according to the base pairing rules, similar to the way a new DNA molecule is produced during DNA replication.

How is RNA polymerase II able to initiate transcription?

The basis of this difference was elucidated in 1979, when Robert Roeder and his colleagues discovered that RNA polymerase II is able to initiate transcription only if additional proteinsare added to the reaction.

Which is the third largest subunit of RNA polymerase?

The β subunit contains the rest of the active center responsible for RNA synthesis and contains the rest of the determinants for non-sequence-specific interactions with DNA and nascent RNA. α: The α subunit is the third-largest subunit and is present in two copies per molecule of RNAP, α I and α II (one and two).