What do air bronchograms indicate?
Proximal or intermediate air bronchograms signify accumulation of secretions in central bronchi and indicate the need for fibreoptic bronchoscopy to aspirate secretions: a distal air bronchogram signifies peripheral bronchial obstruction thus precluding effective fibreoptic bronchoscopy; chest physiotherapy is then a …
What causes silhouette sign in chest xray?
In radiology, the silhouette sign refers to the loss of normal borders between thoracic structures. It is usually caused by an intrathoracic radiopaque mass that touches the border of the heart or aorta.
What causes air bronchograms on chest xray?
Air bronchogram refers to the phenomenon of air-filled bronchi (dark) being made visible by the opacification of surrounding alveoli (grey/white). It is almost always caused by a pathologic airspace/alveolar process, in which something other than air fills the alveoli.
What disease has air bronchograms?
In pulmonary consolidations and infiltrates, air bronchograms are most commonly caused by pneumonia or pulmonary edema (especially with alveolar edema). Other potential causes of consolidations or infiltrates with air bronchograms are: Pulmonary edema.
What diagnosis does the presence of air Bronchograms suggest?
Traditionally, the air bronchogram sign is used for diagnosis of alveolar disease with rare exceptions. In our study, the air bronchogram sign was defined as an air-containing bronchus or bronchioles within the SPL in lung cancer, bronchiectasis, and pneumonia.
When do you see air Bronchograms?
Air bronchograms can be seen with several processes: pulmonary consolidation. pulmonary edema: especially with alveolar edema. non-obstructive atelectasis.
What causes cardiac silhouette?
Enlargement of the cardiac silhouette on a frontal (or PA) chest x-ray can be due to a number of causes 1: cardiomegaly (most common cause by far) pericardial effusion. anterior mediastinal mass.
What does prominent cardiac silhouette mean?
The shadow on the chest radiograph created by the heart. A large cardiac silhouette is consistent with cardiac hypertrophy. A narrow silhouette is often seen in patients with emphysema.
What does Bronchogram mean in medical?
Medical Definition of bronchogram : a radiograph of the bronchial tree after injection of a radiopaque substance.
Is air Bronchogram seen in pleural effusion?
The air bronchogram sign was first described by Fleischner and named by Felson, to distinguish pulmonary parenchymal lesions from extrapulmonary processes such as pleural effusion. Fleischner demonstrated that airless lung tissue surrounding normal open airways would result in the radiographic effect.
What does a heart silhouette mean?
Cardiac silhouette refers to the outline of the heart as seen on frontal and lateral chest radiographs and forms part of the cardiomediastinal contour. The size and shape of the cardiac silhouette provide useful clues for underlying disease.