What is the Mathura style?
Mathurā art, style of Buddhist visual art that flourished in the trading and pilgrimage centre of Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India, from the 2nd century bc to the 12th century ad; its most distinctive contributions were made during the Kushān and Gupta periods (1st–6th century ad).
What are the characteristics of the Mathura style?
Mathura art includes both standing and seated statues of the Buddha. They are represented with broad shoulders, large chest, legs apart, and feet firmly planted, conveying a sense of enormous energy. The Buddha’s right arm is raised in a gesture of reassurance called abhaya-mudra.
What is the difference between Gandhara style and Mathura art style?
External influence: Gandhara school of art was influenced by Greek and possibly Macedonians whereas Mathura school of art was purely indigenous with no external influence. Religious influence: Gandhara school of art was influenced by Buddhism while Mathura school of art was Influenced by Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.
Where is Mathura now?
Mathura, formerly Muttra, city, western Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. It lies in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab on the Yamuna River, about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Agra. Ghat on the Yamuna River at Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
What is the meaning of urna?
In Buddhist art and culture, the Urna (more correctly ūrṇā or ūrṇākośa (Pāli uṇṇa), and known as báiháo (白毫) in Chinese) is a spiral or circular dot placed on the forehead of Buddhist images as an auspicious mark.
What are the main features of the Mathura school of art?
Jina Image and Indigenous style of Buddha’s image was a remarkable feature of Mathura art.
- Master pieces of Mathura sculpture.
- Buddha Image.
- Vaishnava and Shaiva images.
- Jaina Images.
- Position of women in Mathura art.
- Comparison with Gandhara Art.
How was the Buddha of Mathura portrayed in Kushan period?
While the early Buddhist artists used symbols to represent the presence of the Buddha, beginning with the Kushan rule, the Buddha was represented in human form. It is not yet quite clear where the first images of the Buddha were produced.
Who was Uparika?
Answer: [A] Uparika. Notes: The Gupta empire was divided into provinces known as deshas, Rashtra, or Bhuktis. The head of these provinces were referred to as Uparika. The Uparika was appointed directly by the king himself.
Where did the art of Mathura come from?
The Mathura art as it was depicted in the Buddha statues created during the 2nd century CE was not created instantly. It was slowly evolved through different dynasties that ruled Mathura. Each and every dynasty have contributed to the artistic style of Mathura art. But the Mathura art got its form only on Kushan empire.
How did the Gandhara style differ from the Mathura style?
Initially, in Gandhara style, a complex form of symbolism was present and Mathura style deviated from it by establishing the tradition of transforming Buddhist symbols into human form accordingly Buddha s first image can be traced to Kanishka s reign. In Mathura, an indigenous style of sculpture developed, and it mostly used red sandstone.
What was the inspiration for the Mathura style of Buddha?
Art historians have suggested that one inspiration for the Mathura style of the Buddha may be images of yakshas (male fertility spirits).
Who are the female figures of the Mathura school?
The images of Siva and Vishnu along with their consorts Parvathi and Lakshmi were also carved out in the Mathura school moreover the female figures of yakshinis and apsaras of the Mathura school were beautifully carved too. One thing to note that the images of Shiva and Vishnu were depicted by their ayudhas (weapons).