What kind of abutment is used on a bridge?
Concrete Abutment Abutments support the ends of the bridge and transfer the loads from the superstructure into the ground. The abutments also support the bearing devices and the backwalls. Abutments are usually constructed of concrete.
How are elastomeric bearings used in bridge abutments?
It can be seen that the use of elastomeric bearings (Case 2) will govern the critical design load cases on the abutments. We shall assume that there are no specific requirements for using elastomeric bearings and design the abutments for the lesser load effects by using sliding bearings.
When to use spill through or open abutments?
A spill-through or open abutment is mostly used where an additional span may be added to the bridge in the future. It may also be used to satisfy unique construction problems. This abutment type is situated on columns or stems that extend upward from the natural ground. It is essentially a pier being used as an abutment.
What kind of girders are used in a concrete bridge?
The superstructure is supported by AASHTO Type III girders, which are continuous for live load. The substructure consists of three-column piers and abutment bents supported directly by drilled shafts. The abutment is of the semi-integral (floating) type.
Where is the seat on a bridge abutment?
Bridge Seat: This horizontal shelf supports the bridge deck and is near, or on, the top of an abutment. On the embankment, these will hold the end of a span, while those placed along a span will provide support to reduce extended stress. In the diagram, the shelf is represented in the diagram by the letter A.
What makes up the pile of an abutment?
The Pile of the abutment is the filament that is attached to the foundation of the abutment using the bridge’s seat. The length of the pile relies on the height of the bridge and the depth of the obstruction (canal, river, and stream). 5. Footing Of The Abutment
Which is the most common type of abutment?
The typical gravity abutment is the most common type of abutment, and it includes the bridge seat, backwall, footing, and wing walls to hold the bridge’s deck while including a retaining wall for the embankment. Usually, the wing walls are placed parallel to the bridge seat or at a slight, backward angle into the embankment. 2. U-Abutment