What does arteriolar attenuation mean?
Retinal arteriolar attenuation is a defining sign of hypertensive retinopathy. 14. The finding is considered an autoregulatory, physiological response to retinal artery vasospasm.
What is vessel attenuation?
Retinal vessel attenuation is recognized as an almost universal finding in eyes with RP, 1 and is mainly thought to reflect decreased metabolic demand of the degenerating retina, 2 where loss of oxygen consumption leads to increased local oxygen levels in the inner retina that in turn results in vasoconstriction.
What is arteriolar light reflex?
Increased arteriolar light reflex refers to an increased light reflex from the central portion of the retinal arteriolar surface (Figures 1 and 2).
What is the physiological explanation for retinitis pigmentosa?
Retinitis pigmentosa is generally inherited from a person’s parents. Mutations in one of more than 50 genes are involved. The underlying mechanism involves the progressive loss of rod photoreceptor cells in the back of the eye. This is generally followed by loss of cone photoreceptor cells.
What is arteriolar narrowing?
Background: Retinal arteriolar narrowing is a marker of chronic microvascular damage from hypertension. We hypothesized that the presence of retinal arteriolar narrowing increases the likelihood of chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with hypertension.
What is Irma retina?
Intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (or IrMAs) are shunt vessels and appear as abnormal branching or dilation of existing blood vessels (capillaries) within the retina that act to supply areas of non-perfusion in diabetic retinopathy.
What is meant by the term attenuation?
Attenuation is the loss of signal strength in networking cables or connections. This typically is measured in decibels (dB) or voltage and can occur due to a variety of factors. It may cause signals to become distorted or indiscernible.
What is the meaning of Photopsia?
Photopsias are sometimes referred to as eye floaters or flashes. They’re luminous objects which appear in the vision of either one or both eyes. They can disappear as quickly as they appear or they can be permanent.
What are Elschnig spots?
Elschnig spots represent necrosis of choroidal arterioles and capillaries secondary to these acute rises in blood pressure, and were noted in rhesus monkeys within 24 h of the induction of malignant hypertension.
Can you drive with retinitis pigmentosa?
Can You Drive With Retinitis Pigmentosa? Patients in the earlier stages of RP may be able to drive with little to no problem. Partially-sighted individuals may need the help of a low vision aid, such as bioptic telescopes, to allow them to maximize remaining vision so they can drive safely.
What causes retinitis pigmentosa?
Mutations in the RHO gene are the most common cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, accounting for 20 to 30 percent of all cases. At least 35 genes have been associated with the autosomal recessive form of the disorder.
What is copper wiring in the eye?
Initially, the increased thickness of the vessel walls causes the reflex to be more diffuse and less bright. Progression of sclerosis and hyalinization causes the reflex to be more diffuse and the retinal arterioles to become red-brown. This is known as copper wiring.