Where are the ports for laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
An open (Hasson) technique is used to enter the peritoneal cavity and place a 5 to 12 mm Hasson trocar at the umbilicus. The laparoscope is introduced through this port and three additional 5 mm ports are placed under direct vision 1 to 2 cm inferior to the right subcostal margin.
How many ports are used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
Standard Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy The standard technique of performing LC is to use 4 ports. The pneumoperitoneum is achieved by either closed Veress needle technique or open technique using a blunt trocar or a Hasson’s trocar.
Where do you place a laparoscopic port?
Midline abdomen — The midline abdominal wall is devoid of important vessels and nerves and is a preferred initial access site for many laparoscopic procedures.
What is the purpose of a Cholangiogram?
An intraoperative cholangiogram is a special kind of X-ray imaging that shows those bile ducts. It’s used during surgery. With a typical X-ray, you get one picture. But a cholangiogram shows your doctor a live video of your bile ducts so they can see what’s happening in real-time.
What is Calot’s triangle?
Calot triangle or cystohepatic triangle is a small (potential) triangular space at the porta hepatis of surgical importance as it is dissected during cholecystectomy. Its contents, the cystic artery and cystic duct must be identified before ligation and division to avoid intraoperative injury.
Where is the trocar located?
In standard procedures, the optic trocar is placed in the lower part of the umbilicus, and its size varies depending on the operative procedure.
What is a trocar site?
Trocar site hernia is a complication which can give rise to serious & life-threatening consequences after a seemingly uncomplicated laparoscopic procedure. TSH is defined as a hernia that occurs through a facial defect created by a laparoscopic port insertion [6].
What is laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cholangiogram?
During a cholecystectomy, which is a surgical procedure for removing the gallbladder, you may have a procedure known as intraoperative cholangiogram. In this procedure, a catheter is placed in the cystic duct, which helps in draining bile into the common bile duct from the gallbladder.
Is cholangiogram the same as ERCP?
Background. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) are tests used in the diagnosis of common bile duct stones in people suspected of having common bile duct stones.
What is a subtotal cholecystectomy?
Importance Subtotal cholecystectomy (SC) is a procedure that removes portions of the gallbladder when structures of the Calot triangle cannot be safely identified in “difficult gallbladders.”
Where are the port sites in a cholecystectomy?
Click here to view the Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy video. Port Sites A 10mm trochar placed 2 finger breadths under the xiphoid process, at the midline. A 5mm trocar placed 1-2 finger breadths under the inferior boarder of the right costal margin, at the mid-clavicular line.
Which is the best port site for laparoscopy?
The central location and ability of the umbilicus to camouflage scars makes it an attractive primary port site for laparoscopic surgery. There are many drawbacks with umbilicus as well. Umbilicus is a naturally weak area due to absence of all the layers. Weakness is also due its location at the midpoint of the abdomen’s greatest diameter.
Where are the trochars located in a choleycstectomy?
A 10mm trochar placed 2 finger breadths under the xiphoid process, at the midline. A 5mm trocar placed 1-2 finger breadths under the inferior boarder of the right costal margin, at the mid-clavicular line. A 5mm trochar placed inferiorly approximately 1.5 hand breadths away slightly lateral to the level of the previous trochar.
How does the hand move in a laparoscopy?
The obligatory passage of the laparoscopic instruments through the abdominal wall generates a fixed point after which all movements are reversed. For instance, when the hand moves to the left, the end of the instruments moves right, and when the hand moves downwards, the end of the instrument moves upwards.