What does delta 9 desaturase do?
Delta-9 catalyzes synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Oleic acid, a main product of Delta9 desaturase, is the major fatty acid in mammalian adipose triglycerides, and is also used for phospholipid and cholesteryl ester synthesis.
What is Delta 9 fatty acid?
Δ9 desaturase, also known as stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, is used to synthesize oleic acid, a monounsaturated, ubiquitous component of all cells in the human body. Δ9 desaturase produces oleic acid by desaturating stearic acid, a saturated fatty acid either synthesized in the body from palmitic acid or ingested directly.
What do desaturase enzymes do?
The enzymes that insert unsaturated bonds to FA molecules are referred to as fatty acid desaturases. These enzymes catalyze the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by conversion of single bonds (C-C) into double bonds (C = C) in the acyl chain.
What are Elongases and Desaturases?
In mammalian cells, elongases and desaturases play critical roles in regulating the length and degree of unsaturation of fatty acids and thereby their functions and metabolic fates.
What is palmitic acid found in?
Palmitic acid is a saturated fat. It’s naturally found in some animal products like meat and dairy, as well as in palm and coconut oils. Palmitic acid may also be used as an additive in foods.
What is the delta designation of linoleic acid?
Common Names
| Omega Name | Common Name |
|---|---|
| 24:0 | Lignoceric Acid |
| 18:1 (n-9) | Oleic Acid |
| 18:2 (n-6) | Linoleic Acid |
| 18:3 (n-3) | Alpha-linolenic Acid |
When does Δ 9 desaturase occur in preadipocytes?
Twenty years ago, Casimir and Ntambi (1996) demonstrated that Δ 9 desaturase gene expression increases immediately preceding lipid filling in murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. We recently demonstrated essentially identical results for bovine preadipocytes ( Chung et al. 2006a; Fig. 1 ).
What is the role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1?
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 is a key enzyme in fatty acid metabolism. It is responsible for forming a double bond in Stearoyl-CoA. This is how the monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid is produced from the saturated fatty acid stearic acid.
Which is the principal product of SCD desaturase?
The principal product of SCD is oleic acid, which is formed by desaturation of stearic acid. The ratio of stearic acid to oleic acid has been implicated in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation through effects on cell membrane fluidity and signal transduction. Four SCD isoforms, Scd1 through Scd4, have been identified in mouse.
How is oleic acid concentration dependent on desaturase?
In these species, the concentration of oleic acid in adipose tissue is dependent upon the activity of Δ 9 desaturase, encoded by the stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) gene.