What is Interburden?
Interburden is material that lies between two areas of economic interest, such as the material separating coal seams within strata.
What is overburden rock?
Overburden rock, an essential element of the petroleum system, is that series of mostly sedimentary rock that overlies the source rock, seal rock, and reservoir rock. Source rock temperature is largely determined by thickness and thermal conductivity of the overburden rock, heat flow, and ground surface temperature.
What is overburdening of land?
Overburden removal refers to the removal of top-soil to expose the coal seams making them ready for mining.
What is overburden and spoils?
Overburden. Layer of soil and rock overlying a mineral deposit which is removed by surface mining. Spoils or Tailings. Unwanted rock and other waste materials produced when a resource is removed from the earth by mining or other excavation.
What are the two main types of mining?
What are the main methods of mining?
- Underground mines are more expensive and are often used to reach deeper deposits.
- Surface mines are typically used for more shallow and less valuable deposits.
- Placer mining is used to sift out valuable metals from sediments in river channels, beach sands, or other environments.
Is mountaintop mining bad?
The air and water pollution caused by this mining practice, which involves deforesting and tearing off mountaintops to get at the coal, is leading to increases in cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, pulmonary disease, and birth defects, his research shows.
What does overburden in construction mean?
1. The entire thickness of soil over rock or over a specific bearing stratum. 2. An undesirable top layer covering rock, gravel, or other useful material wanted for construction.
What happens overburden?
For minerals that occur deep below the surface—where the overburden is thick or the mineral occurs as veins in hard rock—underground mining methods extract the valued material. When this occurs, the exhausted mines are sometimes converted to landfills for disposal of solid wastes.
Why is overburden bad?
The overburden soil is also highly acidic, at a pH of 2 or 3, and so doesn’t support many trees, bushes or other flora. Furthermore, dumping loose topsoil onto mountainous areas, such as in Appalachia, can cause landslides, and uncompacted soil can run off and clog waterways, setting the stage for flash floods.
What is a tailing?
Tailings are the waste materials left after the target mineral is extracted from ore. They consist of: Crushed rock.
What are the four main methods of mining?
There are four main mining methods: underground, open surface (pit), placer, and in-situ mining.
- Underground mines are more expensive and are often used to reach deeper deposits.
- Surface mines are typically used for more shallow and less valuable deposits.
What does the term overburden mean in geology?
By analogy, overburden is also used to describe the soil and other material that lies above a specific geologic feature, such as a buried astrobleme, or above an unexcavated site of archeological interest.
What is the overburden in a coal mine?
Overburden at a coal mining site In mining, overburden (also called waste or spoil) is the material that lies above an area that lends itself to economical exploitation, such as the rock, soil, and ecosystem that lies above a coal seam or ore body.
How does the thickness of overburden rock affect the burial rate?
The age and thickness of the overburden rock determines the burial rate and thereby influences the heating rate. Frequently, the reservoir and seal rocks immediately overly the source rock and are thus included within the overburden rock.
Where does weathered rock occur in the overburden column?
In this context, the term “weathered” refers to those rock materials that occur in the upper portion of the overburden column, typically extending for depths of 10–50 ft (3–15 m) directly beneath the soil.