Which bases are purines?
Nitrogenous bases present in the DNA can be grouped into two categories: purines (Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)), and pyrimidine (Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)). These nitrogenous bases are attached to C1′ of deoxyribose through a glycosidic bond.
What are the 4 nitro bases?
Adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine are the four nucleotides found in DNA.
Which are examples of purines?
Examples of purines include caffeine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, uric acid, theobromine, and the nitrogenous bases adenine and guanine. Purines serve much the same function as pyrimidines in organisms. They are part of DNA and RNA, cell signaling, energy storage, and enzyme regulation.
What are the 5 nitrogenous bases?
Five nucleobases—adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T), and uracil (U)—are called primary or canonical. They function as the fundamental units of the genetic code, with the bases A, G, C, and T being found in DNA while A, G, C, and U are found in RNA.
Which of the following is pyrimidine bases?
Adenine and Guanine are purines and Cytosine, Uracil, and Thymine are pyrimidines.
Is uracil A pyrimidine?
Uracil is a demethylated form of thymine. Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative.
Which is an example of a nitrogenous base?
A nitrogenous base is simply a nitrogen-containing molecule that has the same chemical properties as a base. They are particularly important since they make up the building blocks of DNA and RNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil.
How are nitrogenous bases arranged in a ring?
In the case of nitrogenous bases, nitrogen bonds with carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. These different elements can arrange themselves in rings, and we name the compound based on its ring formation. Bases that form single rings, like this molecule, are called pyrimidines.
How are nitrogenous bases attached to the phosphate backbone?
When bound to the phosphate backbone of DNA and RNA, the nitrogenous bases are called nucleotides. Cytosine and thymine are both pyrimidine bases. Cytosine starts out as the single ring pyrimidine, and an extra oxygen, nitrogen and three hydrogen atoms are attached to the ring.
How are nitrogen bases similar to planar molecules?
Both classes resemble the molecule pyridine and are nonpolar, planar molecules. Like pyridine, each pyrimidine is a single heterocyclic organic ring. The purines consist of a pyrimidine ring fused with an imidazole ring, forming a double ring structure. Nitrogen bases bind to complementary bases in DNA and RNA.