How do you calculate fluid balance in children?

How do you calculate fluid balance in children?

1. For infants 3.5 to 10 kg the daily fluid requirement is 100 mL/kg.
2. For children 11-20 kg the daily fluid requirement is 1000 mL + 50 mL/kg for every kg over 10.
3. For children >20 kg the daily fluid requirement is 1500 mL + 20 mL/kg for every kg over 20, up to a maximum of 2400 mL daily.

How do you calculate fluid deficit in pediatrics?

Deficit (mL) = weight (kg) x % dehydration x 10

1. For children with ≤5% dehydration, replace deficit in the first 24 hours.
2. For children with >5% dehydration, replace deficit more slowly.

How do you assess hydration status in a child?

Pinch test (skin turgor): the sign is unreliable in obese or severely malnourished children. Normal: skin fold retracts immediately. Mild or moderate dehydration: slow; skin fold visible for less than 2 seconds. Severe dehydration: very slow; skin fold visible for longer than 2 seconds.

How do you calculate mL/kg HR?

1. Using kg of body weight to calculate fluid maintenance:
2. For a child who weighs 42 pounds, the correct IV drip rate for fluid maintenance is how many mL/hr?
3. First, find the child’s weight: 42/2.2 = 19.09, rounded to 19 kg.
4. Next, identify the correct formula:
5. (4 mL X10 kg) + (2mL x 9kg) = hourly rate.

How do you calculate fluid needs?

Formulas Used:

1. For 0 – 10 kg = weight (kg) x 100 mL/kg/day.
2. For 10-20 kg = 1000 mL + [weight (kg) x 50 ml/kg/day]
3. For > 20 kg = 1500 mL + [weight (kg) x 20 ml/kg/day]

What is maintenance fluid for pediatrics?

Maintenance fluids consist of water, glucose, sodium, and potassium. The glucose prevents starvation ketoacidosis and decreases the likelihood of hypoglycemia. Water, sodium and potassium protect the patient from dehydration and electrolyte disorders.

How do you calculate body fluid?

What does 5% dehydration mean?

Normal. Reduced. Severely reduced. When we talk of “5% dehydration”, it means that the child has lost an amount of fluid equal to 5% of the body weight. If you have an accurate pre-illness weight, you may use that weight.

What are signs of dehydration in a child?

Symptoms of dehydration in adults and children include:

• feeling thirsty.
• dark yellow and strong-smelling pee.
• feeling dizzy or lightheaded.
• feeling tired.
• a dry mouth, lips and eyes.
• peeing little, and fewer than 4 times a day.

How is fluid balance in infants and children?

Fluid Balance in Infants and Children The body is composed mostly of water Infants have a GREATER percentage of water making up total body weight (TBW) Infants lose body fluid more readily than older kids

How much fluid does a child need per day?

For children 11-20 kg the daily fluid requirement is 1000 mL + 50 mL/kg for every kg over 10. For children >20 kg the daily fluid requirement is 1500 mL + 20 mL/kg for every kg over 20, up to a maximum of 2400 mL daily.

When does baby’s body water content start to decrease?

At 24 weeks gestational age, a baby’s total body water content is close to 80% of total body weight. This slowly decreases until the child is around one year of age, when total body water content is about 60% of total body weight. Most adults’ total body water is between 50% and 60% of total body weight.

Why is fluid and electrolyte therapy important for children?

Fluid and electrolyte therapy is an essential component of the care of hospitalized children, and a thorough understanding of the changing requirements of growing children is fundamental in appreciating the many important pharmacokinetic changes that occur from birth to adulthood.