What is sodium phenobarbital used for?

What is sodium phenobarbital used for?

Phenobarbital is a prescription medicine used to treat and prevent the symptoms of seizures, sedation, hypnotics, Insomina and Status Epilepticus. Phenobarbital may be used alone or with other medications. Phenobarbital belongs to a class of drugs called Anticonvulsants, Barbiturates.

What is Phenobarbitone injection used for?

Uses of Phenobarbital Injection: It is used to help control certain kinds of seizures. It is used to treat anxiety. It is used to treat sleep problems.

What does phenobarbital do to the body?

Phenobarbital slows the activity of your brain and nervous system. Phenobarbital is used to treat or prevent seizures. Phenobarbital is also used short-term as a sedative to help you relax.

How do you dilute phenobarbital?

-Phenobarbital may be diluted with at least an equal volume of compatible fluid (0.9% NaCl, 5% Dextrose, or Lactated Ringers). -ISMP recommended standard concentrations for intermittent infusions in neonates: 10 or 65 mg/mL.

Can phenobarbital cause brain damage?

Cognitive deficits in adults: Long-term use of phenobarbital is associated with a number of cognitive deficits in adults that can include similar issues with learning and memory, attention and concentration, complex attention, expressive and receptive speech, and problem-solving.

Can phenobarbital cause death?

A phenobarbital overdose can be deadly if not identified and treated properly. Approximately 1 in 10 phenobarbital overdoses is fatal. Death from an overdose is typically caused by heart- and lung-related issues that occur during the overdose.

Can humans take phenobarbital?

Take this medication exactly as prescribed to lower the risk of addiction. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details. When this medication is used for a long time for anxiety or to help you sleep, it may not work as well. Phenobarbital should only be used for a short time for anxiety or sleep.

What are the side effects of taking phenobarbital?

What side effects can this medication cause?

• drowsiness.
• headache.
• dizziness.
• excitement or increased activity (especially in children)
• nausea.
• vomiting.

What is the most common side effect of phenobarbital?

Dizziness, drowsiness, excitation, headache, tiredness, loss of appetite, nausea, or vomiting may occur as your body adjusts to the medication. If any of these effects persist or worsen, notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

Do you dilute phenobarbital?

Administration: IV direct: undiluted OR diluted to 10mL with sodium chloride 0.9%, dextrose 5% or Ringer’s Lactate. Do not administer faster than 50 mg/minute.

Can you dissolve phenobarbital in water?

Phenobarbital has poor water solubility (1 mg/ml) but it is freely soluble in ethanol (100 mg/ml). Its solubility usually can be increased by addition of water–miscible solvents.

Is phenobarbital hard on the kidneys?

Renal impairment Approximately 25% of an administered dose of phenobarbital is cleared by the kidney as unchanged drug.

What kind of powder is phenobarbital made of?

Flaky crystals, white, crystalline granules, or a white powder. The drug is odorless, has a bitter taste, and is hygroscopic. Phenobarbital is very soluble in water, freely soluble in propylene glycol.

When does CNS depression occur after pentobarbital sodium?

Following IV administration, the onset of action ranges from almost immediately for pentobarbital sodium to 5 minutes for phenobarbital sodium. Maximal CNS depression may not occur until 15 minutes or more after IV administration for phenobarbital sodium.

What are the effects of phenobarbital on the ionophore complex?

The activation effects of the phenobarbital-receptor-ionophore complex include increased frequency of chloride channel openings, membrane hyperpolarization and ultimately synaptic inhibition and decreased neuronal excitability. In addition, this agent inhibits glutamate induced depolarization.

How does pentobarbital sodium injection, USP vials work?

Pentobarbital Sodium Injection, USP is a sterile solution for intravenous or intramuscular injection. Each mL contains pentobarbital sodium 50 mg, in a vehicle of propylene glycol, 40%, alcohol, 10% v/v and water for injection, to volume. The pH is adjusted to approximately 9.5 with hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide.