Are myocytes found in connective tissue?
The myocytes are surrounded by a rich network of blood vessels and capillaries and are embedded in a matrix of connective tissue. Also present in this matrix are nerves and lymphatics, as well as mast cells, histiocytes, fibroblasts, pericytes, and poorly differentiated mesenchymal cells.
What are atrial myocytes?
Atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes form the muscular walls of the heart (the myocardium). Atrial myocytes have a different ultrastructure compared to ventricular myocytes. They have differential gene expression patterns regarding, e.g., transcription factors, structural proteins, and ion channels (2).
What type of connective tissue surrounds the heart?
pericardium
The pericardium is a two-layered connective tissue sac that encloses the heart. The fibrous pericardium is the outer layer, and the serous pericardium is the inner layer.
Where can connective tissue be found in the heart?
The pericardium is a two-layered connective tissue sac that encloses the heart. The fibrous pericardium is the outer layer, and the serous pericardium is the inner layer. The space between the two layers is the pericardial cavity, that contains serous fluid. This facilitates the pumping action of the heart.
Where are myocytes found and where are cardiomyocytes found?
heart muscle
Cardiac muscle cells or cardiomyocytes (also known as cardiac myocytes) are the muscle cells (myocytes) that make up the heart muscle. Cardiomyocytes go through a contraction-relaxation cycle that enables cardiac muscles to pump blood throughout the body.
Where are transitional myocytes found?
Specialized cardiac myocyte which is in the internodal tract and atrioventricular node. The cell is more slender than ordinary atrial myocytes and has more myofibrils than nodal myocytes.
What are myocytes made of?
The myocyte is composed of bundles of myofibrils that contain myofilaments (Figure 1). The myofibrils have distinct, repeating microanatomical units, termed sarcomeres, which represent the basic contractile units of the myocyte (Figure 2).
What are the types of myocytes?
Muscle cells, commonly known as myocytes, are the cells that make up muscle tissue. There are 3 types of muscle cells in the human body; cardiac, skeletal, and smooth.
Which layer of the heart wall consists of mesothelium and connective tissue?
1. The wall of the heart has three layers: epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium (Figure 20.2a). 2. The epicardium consists of mesothelium and connective tissue, the myocardium is composed of cardiac muscle, and the endocardium consists of endothelium and connective tissue (Figure 20.2c).
What is cartilage connective tissue?
Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue that differs from bone in several ways; it is avascular and its microarchitecture is less organized than bone. The main cell types in cartilage are chondrocytes, the ground substance is chondroitin sulfate, and the fibrous sheath is called perichondrium.
What is the connective tissue sac surrounding the heart histology world?
The pericardium is the connective tissue sac that the heart sits in. Endomysium is the connective tissue covering of an individual muscle cell. Where is the myocardium the thickest? The myocardium is the middle layer of the heart.
Why is there connective tissue in the heart?
The heart has a three-dimensional extracellular fibrillar collagen scaffolding that normally serves a variety of functions important to tissue integrity and efficiency of muscular systolic pump and diastolic suction pump function (see article by Kovács).
What kind of myocytes are in the atrial myocardium?
Atrial myocardium contains not only working atrial myocytes but also less well-defined types of myocytes which resemble Purkinje fibers and transitional cells. The arrangement of atrial myocytes is less regular than that of ventricular myocytes.
How are myocytes part of the connective tissue?
The latter mediate electrical coupling of the myocytes and render them able to act as a functional syncytium. The myocytes are surrounded by a rich network of blood vessels and capillaries and are embedded in a matrix of connective tissue.
Are there any T tubules in myocardium cells?
Although some reports indicate an absence of T tubules in atrial myocardium (Hibbs and Ferrans, 1969), studies with horseradish peroxidase tracer have identified two populations of atrial cells: one without T tubules and the other possessing T tubules.
Where are interstitium granules found in ventricular myocytes?
Working ventricular myocytes may also produce and secrete increased amounts of ANP during cardiac hypertrophy but storage granules are not observed. Relative to ventricular myocardium, the interstitium is more prominent in atria. Cells making up the conduction system, including nodal cells and purkinje cells]