What does the H19 gene do?
H19 is a gene for a long noncoding RNA, found in humans and elsewhere. H19 has a role in the negative regulation (or limiting) of body weight and cell proliferation. This gene also has a role in the formation of some cancers and in the regulation of gene expression. .
What chromosome is H19 on?
This parent-specific difference in gene activation is caused by a phenomenon called genomic imprinting. H19 is part of a cluster of genes on the short (p) arm of chromosome 11 that undergoes genomic imprinting. Another gene in this cluster, IGF2, is also involved in growth and development.
How does the H19 noncoding RNA affect maternal Igf2 expression?
These data suggest that the H19 RNA represses the maternal expression of the nearby Igf2 gene in trans and thus regulates Igf2 gene levels in embryonic limb muscle. Allele-specific expression of the IGN.
What does IGF 2 do?
The IGF2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called insulin-like growth factor 2. This protein plays an essential role in growth and development before birth. Studies suggest that insulin-like growth factor 2 promotes the growth and division (proliferation) of cells in many different tissues.
Does H19 encode a protein?
The function of H19 RNA remains unknown and, although polysome-associated, the absence of a conserved open reading frame suggests that it does not encode a protein product.
What is the function of IGF-1 and what is the function of IGF2?
The IGF axis has been shown to play roles in the promotion of cell proliferation and the inhibition of cell death (apoptosis). Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2, at times IGF-II) is thought to be a primary growth factor required for early development while IGF-1 expression is required for achieving maximal growth.
How does IGF-1 cause growth?
IGF-1 is primarily produced in the liver, skeletal muscles, and many other tissues in response to GH stimulation. IGF-1 mediates many of the actions of GH, stimulates the growth of bones and other tissues, and promotes the production of lean muscle mass.
What are the techniques used to study gene expression?
Most of these techniques, including microarray analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), work by measuring mRNA levels. However, researchers can also analyze gene expression by directly measuring protein levels with a technique known as a Western blot.
What kind of RNA does the H19 gene make?
The H19 gene provides instructions for making a molecule called a noncoding RNA. (RNA is a chemical cousin of DNA.) Unlike many genes, the H19 gene does not contain instructions for making a protein.
Why is the H19 gene important to early development?
The H19 gene is highly active in various tissues before birth and appears to play an important role in early development. People inherit one copy of most genes from their mother and one copy from their father. Both copies are typically active, or “turned on,” in cells.
What is the role of H19 in colorectal cancer?
Expression of long non-coding RNA H19 in colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabetes. HDAC2 inhibits EMT-mediated cancer metastasis by downregulating the long noncoding RNA H19 in colorectal cancer. H19 promotes the gastric carcinogenesis by sponging miR-29a-3p: evidence from lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network analysis.
Where is the H19 imprinted maternally expressed gene located?
H19 H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript (non-protein coding) [ (human)] Gene ID: 283120, updated on 5-Feb-2017. This gene is located in an imprinted region of chromosome 11 near the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene.