What is consolidation in soil mechanics?
Soil consolidation refers to the mechanical process by which soil changes volume gradually in response to a change in pressure. This happens because soil is a two-phase material, comprising soil grains and pore fluid, usually groundwater.
What are the mechanics of consolidation?
Consolidation is a process by which soils decrease in volume. According to Karl Terzaghi “consolidation is any process which involves decrease in water content of a saturated soil without replacement of water by air.” Reduction in volume takes place by expulsion of water under long term static loads.
What are the stages of consolidation?
The first stage of consolidation, which occurs instantaneously, is known as the initial consolidation . The second stage is known as the primary , or hydrodynamic , consolidation ; this stage is accompanied and governed by the expulsion of water from the soil voids, illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
What are the types of consolidation?
There are different types of business consolidation, including statutory consolidation, statutory mergers, stock acquisitions, and variable interest entities. Consolidation can lead to a concentration of market share and a bigger customer base.
Why is soil consolidation necessary?
Consolidation plays an important role in stability analysis for the embankment, footings or a column constructed on clayey soils. The consolidation problem has been formulated by many researchers by coupling the soil deformation and the pore pressure.
What is consolidation and its types?
Consolidation is the gradual reduction in the volume of a partly or fully saturated soil under sustained loading and is mainly due to the expulsion of water from the soil pores. When a static load is applied to a saturated (or nearly saturated) clay.
What are the three stages of consolidation?
The consolidation of soil is divided into three stages including initial consolidation, primary consolidation, and secondary consolidation.
Why is soil consolidation important?
Consolidation plays an important role in stability analysis for the embankment, footings or a column constructed on clayey soils. The settlement behaviour of these structures and the pore pressure needs to be investigated for construction on these soils.
What are the two types of consolidation?
There are two major processes that lead to the final consolidation. These are synaptic consolidation which takes place within immediate hours of learning and encoding while the other is system consolidation where hippocampal memories are independent of hippocampus storage after a certain period of time.
What is the purpose of consolidation?
Consolidation adds together the assets, liabilities and results of the parent and all of its subsidiaries. The investment in each subsidiary is replaced by the actual assets and liabilities of that subsidiary.
What is consolidation in a lesson plan?
Consolidation is a stage in a lesson where a topic or new information is enforced. Consolidate learning could mean asking students to test out the new skills, language or knowledge they have gained through the course of the lesson or overall topic.
What are the factors influencing consolidation?
The factors which affect the consolidation are: (e) Magnitude of the consolidating pressure and the manner of its distribution across the thickness of the layer. (a) Thickness of clay layer: If the thickness is more the consolidation of the layer will be more due to self overburden pressure.
Who is the father of the soil consolidation process?
What is Soil Consolidation? Soil Consolidation refers to the process in which the volume of a saturated (partially or fully) soil decreases due to an applied stress. The term was introduced by Karl von Terzaghi also known as the “father of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering”.
What is the definition of consolidation of soil?
Determination of Coefficient. 1. Meaning of Consolidation: Consolidation is the gradual reduction in the volume of a partly or fully saturated soil under sustained loading and is mainly due to the expulsion of water from the soil pores. When a static load is applied to a saturated (or nearly saturated) clay.
How is deformation measured in a soil consolidation test?
At each loading stage, readings of deformation are taken systematically to develop a time-settlement curve. That is, after the application of each load, the deformation is measured at 6, 15, 30 seconds, then at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 30 min and at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours, respectively.
When does consolidation occur in a load increment?
Das FGE (2005). 1D CONSOLIDATION TESTING LOAD INCREMENT DATA THREE STAGES Stage I: Initial Compression Primarily caused by preloading. Stage II: Primary Consolidation Excess pore water pressure dissipation and corresponding soil volume change. Stage III: Secondary Consolidation Occurs after excess pore water pressure dissipation.