When does hemodilution occur in pregnancy?
Plasma volume increases in the first of weeks of pregnancy, with the steepest increase occurring during the second trimester, after which it continues to increase further in the third trimester [24]. During pregnancy, 25(OH)D level may be influenced by physiological hemodilution.
What causes Dilutional anemia in pregnancy?
The most common causes of anemia during pregnancy are iron deficiency and folate acid deficiency. Anemia increases risk of preterm delivery and postpartum maternal infections.
Why does pregnancy cause hemodilution?
With normal pregnancy, blood volume increases, which results in a concomitant hemodilution. Although red blood cell (RBC) mass increases during pregnancy, plasma volume increases more, resulting in a relative anemia.
Why there is physiologic anemia in pregnancy?
Physiological adaptation in pregnancy leads to physiological anemia of pregnancy. This is because the plasma volume expansion is greater than red blood cell (RBC) mass increase which causes hemodilution. Normal pregnancy increases iron requirement by 2–3 fold and folate requirement by 10–20 fold.
What is Dilutional anemia?
A pseudoanemia mimic due to a relative ↑ of plasma, which usually occurs in a health care setting, which is due to the administration of excessive fluids; DA results in a relative–but not absolute ↓ in Hb concentration, RBC count, or Hct.
What kind of anemia can you have during pregnancy?
Physiologic anemia occurs in pregnancy because plasma volume increases more quickly than red cell mass. Anemia is most commonly classified as microcytic, normocytic, or macrocytic. Iron deficiency anemia accounts …
How to know if you have iron deficiency in pregnancy?
1 Symptoms and Signs. Early symptoms of anemia are usually nonexistent or nonspecific (eg, fatigue, weakness, light-headedness, mild dyspnea during exertion). 2 Diagnosis. 3 Treatment. 4 Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy. 5 Folate Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy. 6 Hemoglobinopathies in Pregnancy.
When to use a transfusion for anemia during pregnancy?
Treatment of anemia during pregnancy is directed at reversing the anemia (see below). Transfusion is usually indicated for any anemia if severe constitutional symptoms (eg, light-headedness, weakness, fatigue) or cardiopulmonary symptoms or signs (eg, dyspnea, tachycardia, tachypnea) are present; the decision is not based on the Hct.
How to treat megaloblastic anemia in pregnant women?
Treatment is folic acid 1 mg orally twice a day. Severe megaloblastic anemia may warrant bone marrow examination and further treatment in a hospital. For prevention, all pregnant women and women who are trying to conceive are given folic acid 0.4 to 0.8 mg orally once a day.