What protein is responsible for using ATP that drives maltose import into the cell?

What protein is responsible for using ATP that drives maltose import into the cell?

LamB protein facilitates maltose and maltodextrins diffusion through the E. coli outer membrane. Maltose and maltodextrins enter the periplasm via the outer membrane protein LamB [17].

What are the three components of the ABC transporter system?

ABC transporters include nucleotide binding domains (NBD1 and NBD2), transmembrane spanning domains (MSD1 and MSD2) and solute binding proteins (SBP1 and SBP2).

Are ABC transporters efflux?

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are efflux transporters found in all organisms. ABC transporters have been associated with drug resistance in several nematodes and parasitic arthropods.

Where are ABC transporters?

The ABC transporters comprise a large and multifunctional family of structurally related membrane proteins that are located in the plasma membrane of the cells or in the membrane of various cellular organelles.

What is the primary role for ABC transporters in bacteria?

ABC transporters use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to transport substrates across cell membranes. Bacterial ABC transporters are essential in cell viability, virulence, and pathogenicity. The substrates that can be transported include ions, amino acids, peptides, sugars, and other molecules that are mostly hydrophilic.

How do microbes use ABC transporter?

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters couple ATP hydrolysis to the uptake and efflux of solutes across the cell membrane in bacteria and eukaryotic cells. In bacteria, these transporters are important virulence factors because they play roles in nutrient uptake and in secretion of toxins and antimicrobial agents.

Which of the following are components of an ABC transporter?

Typically, an ABC transporter is composed of four parts: two membrane-integral domains each of which spans the membrane six times, and two ATP-hydrolyzing domains (referred to as ABC subunits/domains from hereon) [3].

What is ABC efflux pump?

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are efflux transporters found in all organisms. These proteins are responsible for pumping xenobiotic and endogenous metabolites through extra- and intracellular membranes, thereby reducing cellular concentrations of toxic compounds.

What is an ABC transporter MCAT?

ABC transporter: class of membrane proteins that use ATP to actively transport molecules outside of the cell. Primary active transport: directly uses ATP to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

How are ATP binding and hydrolysis related to ABC transporters?

The general mechanism for the transport cycle of ABC transporters has not been fully elucidated, but substantial structural and biochemical data has accumulated to support a model in which ATP binding and hydrolysis is coupled to conformational changes in the transporter.

How are ABC transporters used to treat multidrug resistance?

ABC transporters are known to play a crucial role in the development of multidrug resistance (MDR). In MDR, patients that are on medication eventually develop resistance not only to the drug they are taking but also to several different types of drugs.

Where are ABC transporters expressed in healthy cells?

In addition to conferring MDR in tumor cells, ABC transporters are also expressed in the membranes of healthy cells, where they facilitate the transport of various endogenous substances, as well as of substances foreign to the body.

Why are ABC transporters considered to be homologous?

Some homologous ATPases function in non-transport-related processes such as translation of RNA and DNA repair. ABC transporters are considered to be an ABC superfamily based on the similarities of the sequence and organization of their ATP-binding cassette (ABC) domains, even though the integral membrane proteins…