What is a prominent Chiari network?
Introduction. The Chiari network, encountered infrequently in the right atrium, is a fenestrated, net-like embryonic remnants of valves of sinus venosus, lying closely in relation to the inferior vena cava and coronary sinus, sometimes connecting these with other right atrial structures [1].
What is a prominent eustachian valve?
The Eustachian valve (EV) is located in the superior portion of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and protrudes into the right atrial cavity. It is considered to be a functional valve in the fetus that helps direct oxygenated blood from the IVC toward the foramen ovale, thereby bypassing the pulmonary circulation.
What is Cor Triatriatum Dexter?
Cor triatriatum dexter is a rare congenital heart anomaly where the right atrium is divided into two chambers by a membrane. We report a boy who had persistent mild cyanosis and diagnosed to have cor triatriatum dexter with secundum atrial septal defect by transoesophageal echocardiography.
Is mild tricuspid valve regurgitation normal?
Mild tricuspid regurgitation is common. It does not cause symptoms or have an effect on the heart function. As with anyone, it’s important to treat usual cardiac risk factors and prevent the development of heart failure. In general, no specific follow up is required for mild tricuspid regurgitation.
What is Atrium proper?
The right atrium is one of the four chambers of the heart. The heart is comprised of two atria and two ventricles. Blood enters the heart through the two atria and exits through the two ventricles. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium through the inferior and superior vena cava.
What is septum secundum?
The septum secundum is a fold of the dorsal atrial myocardium, begins forming from the cranial aspect of the atria, and forms the roof of the foramen ovale. From: Cellular and Molecular Pathobiology of Cardiovascular Disease, 2014.
What is a prominent eustachian valve in adults?
Background: The eustachian valve (EV) (valvula venae cavae inferioris) is a remnant of the embryonic right valve of the sinus venosus. Embryologically, the EV directs oxygenated blood from the inferior vena cava across the patent foramen ovale (PFO) into the systemic circulation.
What is the function of eustachian valve?
The eustachian valve directs oxygen-rich blood from the inferior vena cava toward the foramen ovale and away from the tricuspid valve during fetal development. Ordinarily, it does not prevent reflux of right atrial blood back into the inferior vena cava because it does not function as a true valve.
What does tricuspid regurgitation feel like?
Often, the first signs are symptoms of the underlying condition causing the regurgitation. Symptoms of severe tricuspid regurgitation include: Fatigue: You may feel unusually tired, especially during physical activity. Swelling: You may have noticeable swelling in your abdomen, legs or neck veins.
Should I worry about mild tricuspid regurgitation?
My Echocardiogram Report Showed Mild Tricuspid Regurgitation – Should I be Worried? In general, no, there is no cause for concern. Mild tricuspid regurgitation is common. It does not cause symptoms or have an effect on the heart function.
What kind of network is the Chiari network?
The Chiari network is a meshwork of thread-like strands connecting the edges of the inferior vena cava and coronary sinus valves with the crista terminalis, or sieve-like fenestrations in the valves [2].
Is the Chiari network part of the sinus venosus?
Chiari network is a vestigial structure and is seen as strand like structures within the right atrial cavity on echocardiography. It is an embryonic remnant of the right valve of the sinus venosus. Chiari network is often associated with a patent foramen ovale (PFO).
What are the risks of entanglement in the Chiari network?
Entanglement of catheter devices in the Chiari network is a serious concern and can increase the complexity of procedures. Potential consequences include breaking of the net-like structure initiating an embolus or prolapsing structure into the tricuspid valve causing regurgitation.
How is the Chiari network used in pulmonary embolism?
The Chiari network has also been described to protect from pulmonary embolism by acting as an inferior vena cava filter due to its sieve-like effect at the cavo-atrial junction. Here, the Chiari network has been described in a case of Ebstein anomaly of tricuspid valve which produced diagnostic confusion during echocardiography.