What is the pathophysiology of intracranial aneurysm?

What is the pathophysiology of intracranial aneurysm?

The pathophysiology of development, growth, and rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is only partly understood. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, which, in turn, is isomerized to prostaglandin E2. In the human body, COX-2 plays an essential role in inflammatory pathways.

Why do berry aneurysms occur?

High blood pressure- chronic damage to arteries leads to weakness forming aneurysm and making them more likely to rupture. Size- larger aneurysms rupture with greater frequency than small ones. Growth- if aneurysms grow during a surveillance period, despite a small size, they are at an increased risk of rupture.

What is renal arteriovenous malformation?

Renal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are abnormal communications between the intrarenal arterial and venous systems. Renal AVM is relatively rare, with an estimated incidence of less than 0.04% (1, 2). Renal AVM can be idiopathic, congenital, or acquired.

How do you prevent a berry aneurysm?

There’s no known way to prevent berry aneurysms, but there are lifestyle changes that can lower your risk. These include: quitting smoking and avoiding secondhand smoke. avoiding recreational drug use.

What is a renal fistula?

What is a fistula. A fistula is a special connection that is made by joining a vein onto an artery, usually in your arm. This creates a large robust blood vessel that can be needled regularly for use during haemodialysis.

What is a hypertrophied column of Bertin?

A hypertrophied column of Bertin is one of the congenital causes of renal pseudo tumor. The columns of Bertin are normal structures seen in the renal cortical tissue. Hypertrophied columns of Bertin represent a central unfolding of cortical tissue for varying depths within the renal medulla [2].