What is chagas disease?
Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted to animals and people by insect vectors that are found only in the Americas (mainly, in rural areas of Latin America where poverty is widespread). Chagas disease (T. cruzi infection) is also referred to as American trypanosomiasis.
Where can Trypanosomatidae be found?
West African trypanosomiasis can be contracted in parts of central Africa and in a few areas of West Africa. Most of the reported cases are found in central Africa (Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola, Sudan, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, Chad, and northern Uganda).
Is Trypanosomatids a parasite?
Trypanosomatids (Euglenozoa, Kinetoplastea) are unicellular eukaryotic parasites of invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants [12]. Parasitic trypanosomatids can be primarily restricted to one host (monoxenous) or cycle between two hosts (dixenous).
Is Trypanosoma brucei a bacteria?
Trypanosoma brucei is a species of parasitic kinetoplastid belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. This parasite is the cause of vector-borne diseases of vertebrate animals, including humans, carried by species of tsetse fly in sub-Saharan Africa.
What bug causes Chagas disease?
Triatomine bugs are a type of reduviid bug that can carry Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease.
What is the pathogen that causes Chagas disease?
Chagas disease is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the disease in 1909. It is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted to animals and people by insect vectors and is found only in the Americas (mainly, in rural areas of Latin America where poverty is widespread).
What is amastigote form of Trypanosoma Gambiense?
Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas’ disease assumes two distinct forms in vertebrate hosts: circulating trypomastigote and tissular amastigote. This latter form infects predominantly the myocardium, smooth and skeletal muscle, and central nervous system.
Is Trypanosoma a fungi?
Trypanosomes are protists, organisms that have nuclei and organelles in their cells like plants, animals, and fungi (and unlike bacteria and archaea), but are usually only one or a few cells big. Trypanosomes are a single cell and have a single tail as you can see above.
What are the symptoms of Chagas disease in humans?
What are the symptoms of Chagas disease?
- Mild, flu-like symptoms, such as fever, fatigue, body aches, and headaches.
- Rash.
- Loss of appetite.
- Diarrhea.
- Vomiting.
- Swelling or a sore near the eye or on the side of the face where the bite or infection occurred (visible in fewer than half of infected people)
- Enlarged glands.
How are Trypanosomatidae related to the plasma membrane?
Members of the Trypanosomatidae family have subpellicular microtubules cross-linked to each other and to the plasma membrane by unique trypanosomal microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The trypanosomal MAP (p52) has been used in an antigenic preparation with the enzymes aldolase and GAPDH as a vaccine in mice and rats.
What kind of bug transmits trypanosomiasis to humans?
American trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi is transmitted by reduviid bugs.
Where are most Trypanosoma found in the world?
While some of the most common species are found in Africa (responsible for African trypanosomiasis in various parts of sub-Saharan Africa) many other species can be found in various parts of the world (Parts of North America, Canada etc).
What are the three genera of Paratrypanosoma?
Three genera are dixenous (two hosts in the life cycle) – Leishmania, Phytomonas and Trypanosoma and the remainder are monoxenous (one host in the life cycle). Paratrypanosoma appears to be the first evolving branch in this order.