What is the purpose of the ICP plasma flame?
It is a type of emission spectroscopy that uses the inductively coupled plasma to produce excited atoms and ions that emit electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths characteristic of a particular element. The plasma is a high temperature source of ionised source gas (often argon).
What is ionization interference?
Ionization interference is a phenomenon which shows a change in emission intensity, causing the ioniza- tion equilibrium to shift, when coexisting elements include easily ionizable elements such as Na, K, Rb, and Cs. Generally, this results in greater intensity of neutral lines and reduced intensity of ionic lines.
Why argon is used in ICP?
The ICP operates using an Argon plasma into which the atomised liquid sample is injected. The sample ionizes in the plasma and the ions emit light at different characteristic wavelengths which are then measured. Impurities in Argon can cause more severe problems with the ICP-MS due to its high sensitivity.
Why are ionization interferences less severe in ICP than in flame emission spectroscopy?
Skoog 10-8: Ionization interferences are less severe in the ICP than in flame emission because argon plasmas have a high concentration of electrons (from ionization of the argon) which represses ionization of the analyte. Emission spectra for many elements can be obtained with one set of excitation conditions.
Why Nitrogen gas is used in ICP?
Nitrogen gas flows, in the range from 0.2 liter per minute to 7 liters per minute, are used to purge the optical section of the ICP-AES, in order to guide away gases that might disturb the emission measurement process. In the starting years of ICP, the supply of gases was controlled manually.
What is ICP analytical method?
Inductively Coupled Plasma, or ICP analysis, is a powerful chemical analysis method which can be used to identify both trace amounts and major concentrations of nearly all elements within a sample. This method requires the use of liquefied samples, thus digestion of solid materials is often required.
What is ionization suppressor?
c) An ionization suppressor is an easily ionized metal that provides a high concentration of electrons in the flame, thereby lessening the ionization of the analyte.
Why ICP AES is better than AAS give reason?
In a nutshell: AAS is cheaper but can only determine the concentration of a particular element. ICP-MS is more expensive but faster, more sensitive and can analyze multiple elements simultaneously (can detect down to PPT levels!).
What is the difference between ICP AES and OES?
Difference – ICP OES vs ICP AES The term ICP OES refers to Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The term ICP AES refers to Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. This name is given because the technique is done by exciting atoms present in the sample that is going to be analyzed.
Why are atomic emission methods with an ICP better suited for Multielemental analysis than is flame atomic absorption?
AES with an ICP plasma source are better suited for multielement analysis than flame AAS because no separate lamp is required for determination of each element in ICP. All elements are atomized, excited in the ICP, and emission is analyzed.
Why do ion lines predominate in spark spectra and Atom lines in ARC and ICP spectra?
Why do ion lines predominate in spark spectra and atom lines in arc and ICP spectra? The temperature of a high-voltage spark is so high (~40,000 K) that most atoms present become ionized. In a plasma, the high concentration of electrons suppresses extensive ionization of the analyte.
What are the components of ICP OES?
An ICP-OES instrument consists of four basic components: the sample introduction system, excitation source (plasma), spectrometer (for wavelength selection), and detector (Figure 1).