What is contagious bovine pleuropneumonia?
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a respiratory disease of cattle that is listed as notifiable by the World Organization for Animal Health. It is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and causes important productivity losses due to the high mortality and morbidity rates. CBPP is caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp.
How is contagious bovine pleuropneumonia transmitted?
Transmission of the disease occurs through direct contact between an infected and a susceptible animal which becomes infected by inhaling droplets disseminated by coughing. Since some animals can carry the disease without showing signs of illness, controlling the spread is more difficult.
Is contagious bovine pleuropneumonia a notifiable disease?
Control: The disease is reportable by law in many countries from which it has been eradicated by slaughter of all infected and exposed animals.
What are the symptoms of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia?
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an insidious pneumonic disease of cattle sometimes referred to as lung sickness. Clinically, CBPP is manifested by anorexia, fever and respiratory symptoms such as dyspnoea, cough and nasal discharges. CBPP is found in the acute, subacute and chronic forms.
What is the best treatment for CBPP?
The options for control of CBPP include cattle movement control and quarantine, stamping out, test and slaughter, treatment and vaccination with T1 vaccines (Radostits et al., 2000). CBPP can disappear from a country with adequate movement control (Newton and Norris, 2000).
Who is responsible for pleuropneumonia in cattle?
It is caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, and the symptoms are pneumonia and inflammation of the lung membranes. The incubation period is 20 to 123 days.
Who is responsible for pleuropneumonia are found in?
It is caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, and the symptoms are pneumonia and inflammation of the lung membranes. The incubation period is 20 to 123 days. It was particularly widespread in the United States in 1879, affecting herds from several states.
What is an incubation period of the disease contagious bovine pleuropneumonia?
The incubation period for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia can be 3 weeks to 6 months, with most cases becoming apparent in 3-8 weeks. After experimental inoculation of large doses into the trachea, the clinical signs appeared in 2 to 3 weeks.
How do you treat CBPP?
How do you treat contagious bovine pleuropneumonia?
Treatment is recommended only in endemic areas because the organisms may not be eliminated, and carriers may develop. Tylosin (10 mg/kg, IM, bid, for six injections) and danofloxacin 2.5% (2.5 mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days) have been reported to be effective.
How do you control CBPP?
What causes pleuropneumonia?
pleuropneumonia, lung disease of cattle and sheep, characterized by inflammation of the lungs and caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides. Fever, thirst, loss of appetite, and difficult breathing are signs of the disease. The United States and Europe eradicated the disease near the end of the 19th century.
What causes contagious pleuropneumonia in bovines?
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia is caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, a member of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster in the family Mycoplasmataceae.
Where was the last bovine pleuropneumonia outbreak in Europe?
Contagious bovine plueuropneumonia is highly contagious and generally accompanied by pleurisy. It is present in Africa, with minor outbreaks occurring in the Middle East. The USA has been free of the disease since 1892, the UK since 1898, and Australia since 1973. The last outbreak of CBPP in Europe was seen in Portugal in 1999.
How long does it take for bovine pleuropneumonia to recumbent?
The animal becomes recumbent and dies after 1–3 wk. Chronically affected cattle usually exhibit signs of varying intensity for 3–4 wk, after which the lesions gradually resolve and the animals appear to recover. Subclinical cases occur and may be important as carriers.
How to tell if an animal has pleuropneumonia?
Percussion of the chest is painful; respiration is rapid, shallow, and abdominal. If the animal is forced to move quickly, the breathing becomes more distressed and a soft, moist cough may result. The disease progresses rapidly, animals lose condition, and breathing becomes very labored, with a grunt at expiration.