What is Phytopathological?
Plant pathology is the science that studies the causes of plant diseases, the mechanisms by which diseases develop in individual plants and in plant populations, and the ways and means by which plant diseases can be managed or controlled.
What are the methods of application of fungicides?
Methods of application of fungicides – seed treatment, dry, wet, foliar spraying and soil drenching. 6. Root feeding, corm injection and capsule application 7. Acid delinting and post harvest treatment.
What are the methods in diagnosing a plant disease?
Laboratory-based techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunofluorescence (IF), fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry (FCM) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are some of the direct detection methods.
What are the others techniques used in examination and detection of phytopathogenic bacteria?
Different techniques (microscopy, serology, biochemical, physiological, molecular tools and culture propagation) are currently used to detect and identify bacterial pathogens.
What is the use of botany?
Botanists study how plants produce food and how to increase yields, for example through plant breeding, making their work important to humanity’s ability to feed the world and provide food security for future generations.
What are the different types of fungicides?
Fungicides are broadly classified into three categories, namely, contact, translaminar and systemic.
What is a Group 4 fungicide?
The phenylamide fungicides (FRAC group 4) are a highly active class of fungicides that target oomycete pathogens such Phytophthora and Pythium spp. Like other fungicide classes, FRAC group 4 fungicides have a high-risk for fungicide resistance development.
What is the basic diagnostic procedure in identifying plant disease?
The traditional method of identifying plant pathogens is through visual examination. This is often possible only after major damage has already been done to the crop, so treatments will be of limited or no use.
What is diagnosis of plant disease?
Diagnosis of plant diseases and research on biotic pathogens and host pathogen interactions are unique functions of plant pathologists. Both diag nosis and efforts to maintain plant health require knowledge of all the biotic pathogens and factors of the environment involved in disease causation.
What are the different methods of control and prevention of plant diseases?
Traditional Principles of Plant Disease Control. Avoidance—prevent disease by selecting a time of the year or a site where there is no inoculum or where the environment is not favorable for infection. Exclusion—prevent the introduction of inoculum. Eradication—eliminate, destroy, or inactivate the inoculum.
Why is it important to have an accurate plant disease diagnosis?
Without proper identification of the disease and the disease-causing agent, disease control measures can be a waste of time and money and can lead to further plant losses. Proper disease diagnosis is therefore vital. Often, plant pathologists have to rely on symptoms for the identification of a disease problem.