What is solitary plasmacytoma of bone?
Solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB, also called osseous plasmacytoma) is a localized tumor in the bone comprised of a single clone of plasma cells in the absence of other features of MM (ie, anemia, hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, or multiple lytic bone lesions) [6,7].
What are plasma cell dyscrasias?
Definition. Plasma cell dyscrasias are a monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells that produce a clonal immunoglobulin protein (i.e., monoclonal gammopathies or paraproteinemias). They are derived from malignant B lymphocytes. Common plasma cell dyscrasias include multiple myeloma and Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia.
Is solitary plasmacytoma malignant?
Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is an early-stage plasma cell malignancy that is in between monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma (MM) along the spectrum of plasma cell disorders.
Is Plasmacytosis a cancer?
A type of cancer that begins in plasma cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies). A plasmacytoma may turn into multiple myeloma. Blood cell development. A blood stem cell goes through several steps to become a red blood cell, platelet, or white blood cell.
How common is solitary plasmacytoma?
Solitary bone plasmacytomas are uncommon and make up approximately 5% of all of the plasma cell disorders. Solitary extramedullary plasmacytomas are even less common. Solitary plasmacytomas occur more commonly in men than women.
Is plasmacytoma serious?
Plasmacytomas are a rare form of cancer. SPB is the most common form of the disease and accounts for 3-5% of all plasma cell malignancies. The median age at diagnosis for all plasmacytomas is 55.
How is plasma cell dyscrasia diagnosed?
The condition has been diagnosed based on biopsy-proved clonal plasma cell tumors and/or the presence in bone marrow of plasma cells at ≥10% of nucleated cells in individuals who have evidence of end organ damage attributable to an underlying plasma cell disorder.
What are Gammopathies?
Monoclonal gammopathies are conditions in which abnormal proteins are found in the blood. These proteins grow from a small number of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell. Their main job is to fight off infection.
How fast does plasmacytoma grow?
SPBs occur as lytic lesions within the axial skeleton and extramedullary plasmacytomas most often occur in the upper respiratory tract (85%), but can occur in any soft tissue. Approximately half of all cases produce paraproteinemia….
| Plasmacytoma | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Hematology and oncology |
Do plasmacytomas cause pain?
Spinal plasmacytomas may cause dull, aching pain as they destroy normal bone. If a vertebra is sufficiently weakened by the plasmacytoma, a painful compression fracture may result. Spinal plasmacytomas may cause other symptoms that vary depending on the tumor’s size and location.
What is plasma cancer?
Plasma cell neoplasms are diseases in which abnormal plasma cells or cells form tumors in the bones or soft tissues of the body. The plasma cells also make an antibody protein, called M protein, that is not needed by the body and does not help fight infection.
Can plasmacytoma disappear?
Solitary plasmacytoma of the bone can sometimes be cured with radiation therapy or surgery to destroy or remove the tumor. However, 70 percent of people with solitary plasmacytoma eventually develop multiple myeloma. They then need additional treatment, such as chemotherapy.
Where does solitary bone plasmacytoma originate in the body?
According to Dr. Vincent Rajkumar of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, experts do not fully understand how abnormal plasma cells (which originate in the bone marrow) are able to travel from the bone marrow to the surface of the bone and form a tumor in patients with solitary bone plasmacytoma.
What are the treatment options for plasmacytoma of bone?
Treatment Options for Isolated Plasmacytoma of Bone. Treatment options for isolated plasmacytoma of bone include the following: Radiation therapy to the lesion. Chemotherapy (if the monoclonal [or myeloma] protein [M protein] increases and other evidence of symptomatic multiple myeloma occurs).
Where are plasma cells found in the bone?
In isolated plasmacytoma of bone, one plasma cell tumor is found in the bone, less than 10% of the bone marrow is made up of plasma cells, and there are no other signs of cancer. In extramedullary plasmacytoma, one plasma cell tumor is found in soft tissue but not in the bone or the bone marrow.
Can you have plasmacytoma with no myeloma?
Some patients present with a local symptom from a single plasmacytoma but no myeloma elsewhere. Such patients usually become free of symptoms after local radiotherapy. In patients with MM without symptoms, the diagnosis is made on the basis of screening laboratory tests.