What is Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens?
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is an uncommon, severe form of deep venous thrombosis (blood clots in the vein). It most often occurs in the upper leg.
What is the difference between Phlegmasia Alba and Cerulea Dolens?
Phlegmasia alba dolens presents as a triad of edema, pain, and white blanching skin without cyanosis. As the venous thrombosis progresses, it develops into phlegmasia cerulea dolens, which is characterized by edema, worsening pain, and cyanosis from ischemia.
What is Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens discuss the clinical features?
Discussion. Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is a rare syndrome defined as a clinical triad of acute limb swelling, ischemic pain, and cyanosis. The pathogenesis begins with massive thrombosis causing total or near-total venous occlusion.
What causes Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens?
PCD results from extensive thrombotic occlusion (blockage by a thrombus) of extremity veins, most commonly an “iliofemoral” DVT of the iliac vein and/or common femoral vein. It is a medical emergency requiring immediate evaluation and treatment.
How is Cerulea Dolens Phlegma treated?
There are two treatment options (endovascular or surgical). In the endovascular era, catheter-directed thrombolysis is the treatment of choice to achieve venous outflow. However, surgical thrombectomy is indicated in certain cases.
How is Cerulea Dolens diagnosed with Phlegmasia?
To make the correct diagnosis, 4 cardinal signs are necessary: edema, violaceous discoloration, pain, and severe venous outflow obstruction. Risk factors include malignancy, femoral vein catheterization, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, antiphospholipid syndrome, surgery, heart failure, and pregnancy.
What is the Virchow triad that leads to deep vein thrombosis DVT?
As it is has come to be known today, the triad consists of stasis, vessel damage, and hypercoagulability, and is used to describe the etiology and assess the risk of thrombosis, especially of deep vein thrombosis (DVT.)
Can DVT go away on its own?
Deep vein thrombosis usually occurs in the lower leg. It often goes unnoticed and dissolves on its own. But it may cause symptoms like pain and swelling. If someone is diagnosed with DVT, they will need treatment to avoid serious complications such as pulmonary embolism.
What causes migratory thrombophlebitis?
Migratory thrombophlebitis. Also called Trousseau’s syndrome or thrombophlebitis migrans, it’s when the clot comes back in a different part of your body. It often goes from one leg to the other. It’s often linked to cancer, especially of the pancreas or lung.
What is Homan’s test?
Homan’s sign test also called dorsiflexon sign test is a physical examination procedure that is used to test for Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT). A positive Homan’s sign in the presence of other clinical signs may be a quick indicator of DVT.
What do emboli mean?
Emboli: Something that travels through the bloodstream, lodges in a blood vessel and blocks it. Examples of emboli are a detached blood clot, a clump of bacteria, and foreign material such as air.