What are the energy and waste outputs of the formation of acetyl-CoA?
The product of this reaction is a two-carbon molecule called acetyl-CoA. The third carbon from pyruvate combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, which is released as a waste product. High-energy electrons are also released and captured in NADH.
What inputs are needed for acetyl-CoA formation?
In acetyl CoA formation, pyruvate (a product of glycolysis) is oxidized to acetyl CoA, with the reduction of NAD+ to NADH and the release of one molecule of CO2.
Is acetyl-CoA an input or output?
Not Input or Output: Pyruvate, Glucose, Acetyl CoA, Coenzyme A and CO₂. Each of the four stages of cellular respiration occurs in a specific location inside or outside the mitochondria.
What are the inputs of acetyl-CoA?
The Electron Transport Chain: Mass-Producing ATP
| Process | Location | Input |
|---|---|---|
| Glycolysis | Cytoplasm | 1 Glucose (C6H12O6) 2 ATP |
| Pyruvate -> acetyl-CoA | Mitochondria (Matrix) | 2 Pyruvate |
| Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) | Mitochondria (Matrix) | 2 Acetyl-CoA |
| Electron Transport Chain (ETC) | Mitochondria (Inner Membrane) | 6 NADH 2 FADH2 |
What is FADH2 and why is it important?
FADH2: High energy electron carrier used to transport electrons generated in Glycolysis and Krebs Cycle to the Electron Transport Chain. Glycolysis is the first of the three steps used to breakdown glucose to produce ATP.
Where does the energy stored in acetyl CoA end up?
The citric acid cycle, where acetyl CoA is modified in the mitochondria to produce energy precursors in preparation for the next step. Oxidative phosphorylation, the process where electron transport from the energy precursors from the citric acid cycle (step 3) leads to the phosphorylation of ADP, producing ATP.
What are the inputs and outputs of oxidative phosphorylation?
Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which ATP is synthesised when electrons are transported from the energy precursors produced in the citric acid cycle through various enzyme complexes to molecular oxygen. The input is NADH, FADH2, O2 and ADP. The output is NAD+, FAD+, H2O and ATP.
What are the inputs and outputs for glycolysis?
Input for the breakdown of 1 glucose molecule in glycolysis is 2 ATP and the output is 4 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 pyruvate molecules. Metabolic pathway which provides anaerobic source of energy in all organisms is glycolysis.
What are the inputs and outputs of glycolysis?
Where does acetyl CoA formation occur?
Acetyl-CoA Formation. Acetyl-CoA formation occurs inside or outside the cell mitochondria. As a metabolite (a substance necessary for metabolism), acetyl-CoA must be freely available. It can be produced via the catabolism (breakdown) of carbohydrates (glucose) and lipids (fatty acids).
What’s the difference between NADH and FADH2?
The difference between NADH and FADH2 is that NADH is a coenzyme derived from vitamin B3 or niacin whereas FADH2 is a coenzyme derived from Vitamin B2 or riboflavin.
What gas is the final electron acceptor?
Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, showing the need for aerobic conditions to undergo such a process.
What are the inputs and outputs of citric acid cycle?
In the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle ), acetyl CoA is completely oxidized. From the following compounds involved in cellular respiration, choose those that are the net inputs and net outputs of the citric acid cycle. ADP, ATP, pyruvate, O2, H20, acetyl CoA, NADH, NAD+, glucose, coenzyme A, CO2.
What are the net inputs of glycolysis?
Summary: The net input of glycolysis is 2 ATP molecules which are used to split one glucose molecule. The net yield of this step is 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate.
What produces two ATP molecules and pyruvic acid?
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 NADH , and 2 pyruvate molecules: Glycolysis, or the aerobic catabolic breakdown of glucose, produces energy in the form of ATP, NADH, and pyruvate , which itself enters the citric acid cycle to produce more energy.