Can an EEG detect temporal lobe epilepsy?
An EEG (electroencephalogram) should be done and often shows spike or sharp waves in the tip or front of the temporal lobe. These can be seen when a person is awake or asleep. When seizures arise in more mesial (middle) temporal lobe areas, the EEG may only show rhythmic slowing during seizures.
How rare is mesial temporal sclerosis?
Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), also commonly referred to as hippocampal sclerosis, is the most common association with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) 2,3,5. It is seen in up to 65% of autopsy studies, although significantly less on imaging.
What does an absence seizure look like on an EEG?
In the case of childhood absence seizures, EEG shows bilaterally synchronous and symmetrical 3-Hertz spike-and-wave discharges that start and end abruptly. These discharges can sometimes have maximum frontal amplitude or begin with unilateral focal spikes[2].
What is mesial temporal lobe?
The mesial temporal lobe, also known as the medial temporal lobe, is, as the name suggests, located on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and is distinct from the rest of the lobe, which is composed of neocortex. The term comprises five structures: amygdala. hippocampus.
Is MTS curable?
Approximately, between 55% and 65% of patients become free of disabling seizures (that is focal seizures with loss of awareness or GTC seizures) after a follow-up period of one to two years. .
What is a normal EEG?
Most waves of 8 Hz and higher frequencies are normal findings in the EEG of an awake adult. Waves with a frequency of 7 Hz or less often are classified as abnormal in awake adults, although they normally can be seen in children or in adults who are asleep.
What does a seizure look like in an EEG?
Certain other patterns indicate a tendency toward seizures. Your doctor may refer to these waves as “epileptiform abnormalities” or “epilepsy waves.” They can look like spikes, sharp waves, and spike-and-wave discharges.
Is hippocampal sclerosis progressive?
Hippocampal sclerosis is a progressive disorder: a longitudinal volumetric MRI study. Ann Neurol.
What is mesial sclerosis?
Mesial temporal sclerosis is the scarring and loss of neurons in the deepest portion of the temporal lobe. At Columbia Neurosurgery, our physicians are experts in surgically treating mesial temporal sclerosis with temporal lobectomy.
What is the hallmark of mesial temporal sclerosis?
The hallmark of mesial temporal sclerosis on MR imaging is an atrophic hippocampus associated with hyperintense signal on long-repetition-time se-quences confined to the hippocampus (5–10). These findings, atrophy and hyperintensity, are often re-ferred to as the two primary MR findings of mesial temporal sclerosis. Patients with these primary MR
Is there a normal MRI scan for temporal lobe epilepsy?
•Approximately 30% of the patients with temporal lobe epilepsy have a normal MRI scan. In this subgroup of patients, PET studies have shown temporal lobe hypometabolism ipsilateral to ictal onset zone in 87% of the patients.
What are the neural structures of the mesial temporal lobe?
•The neural structures that constitute the mesial temporal lobe are the parahippocampal gyrus, uncus, hippocampus, fimbria, dentate gyrus, and amygdala. •The hippocampus is a curved structure on the medial aspect of temporal lobe consisting of complex U-shaped layers of the dentate gyrus and cornu ammonis, which are interlocked together.
When does perfusion increase in the mesial temporal lobe?
During the peri-ictal phases, perfusion is increased, not only in the mesial temporal lobe but often in large parts of temporal lobe and hemisphere. In interictal periods, conversely, perfusion is reduced 5.